Abstract: Schistosomiasis, a zoonotic infectious disease, remains one of the major public health concerns in the world. As a country endemic for schistosomiasis with a long history and substantial disease burdens, China has sustained successive control efforts for over seven decades in the context of the One Health concept, establishing a cross⁃sectoral collaboration mechanism encompassing health, agriculture, water development resources, and forestry and grassland sectors. A package of interventions have been employed tailored to management of the source of Schistosoma japonicum infections, Oncomelania hupensis snail control, improved water supply and sanitation, environmental modification, and risk surveillance, and a "human⁃animal⁃environment" collaborative prevention and control model has been gradually generated. As a consequence, the transmission of schistosomiasis was interrupted across China in 2023. To achieve the goal of schistosomiasis elimination and sustainably consolidate the achievements of elimination in China, it is still necessary to enhance the long⁃term cross⁃sectoral coordination mechanism, promote interdisciplinary collaboration for innovating control technologies and strategies, establish an intelligent surveillance network covering the entire region, and strengthen the response and emergency management capabilities. In addition, distilling China's schistosomiasis control and elimination experiences will provide a "One Health" model for the prevention and control of other parasitic and tropical diseases, thereby contributing to global disease control and sustainable development.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, One Health, Cross?sectoral collaboration, Joint prevention and control, Elimination 

摘要： 血吸虫病作为一种人兽共患传染病，是全球重要公共卫生问题之一。中国历史上血吸虫病疾病负担严重，历经70多年的防控，血防工作已与全健康理念深度融合，通过建立卫生、农业、水利、林草等跨部门协作机制，并在传染源管控、钉螺控制、改水改厕、环境改造、风险监测等方面多措并举，逐步形成了“人⁃动物⁃环境”协同防控模式，全国于2023年达到血吸虫病传播阻断标准。为实现全国消除血吸虫病目标并持续巩固消除成果，未来仍需进一步完善跨部门协作的长效机制，开展跨学科合作以推动防控技术和手段创新，建设覆盖全域的智能监测网络，强化响应和应急处置能力。同时，还需系统凝练中国血吸虫病防控和消除经验，为其他寄生虫病和热带病防控提供“全健康”模式借鉴，以助力全球疾病防控及可持续发展。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 全健康, 跨部门协作, 联防联控, 消除