Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the screening value of the dipstick dye immunoassay (DDIA ) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for schistosomiasis diagnosis in the field. Meth ods According to the principle of single-blind, the cluster samples were selected and examined by using DDIA and ELISA, and the samples of serum-positive were examined by using the stool hatch ing method, and the effect and efficiency of the two immuno-assays were evaluated. Results The positive samples of ELISA and DDIA were 912 and 707 respectively, and the average positive rates of ELISA and DDIA were 7. 08% (0. 84% - 21. 50%)and 5. 49% co. 44% -17. 83% ) respectively in 12 881 samples from 11 endemic villages, and the positive rate of ELISA was higher than that of DDIA(χ²= 27. 698,P<0. 01) ;  the positive and negative samples of both the two methods were 383 and 11 645 respectively, and the coincidence rate was 93. 38%, and the consistency level of the two methods was moderate  (kappa =0. 438).  There was no significant difference between the two methods in endemic areas  (χ² = 3. 498,P = 0. 061),  but the positive rate of ELISA was higher than that of DDIA in controlled areas(χ² = 33. 393,P<0. 01).  The positive samples of stool examination in 885 positive samples of ELISA and 615 positive samples of DDIA were 25 and 27 respectively.The DDIA and ELISA samples tested by one technician per-day were 473 and 174 respectively, the
work efficiency of DDIA was 2. 72 times as high as that of ELISA. Conclusions   The two immuno assays for diagnosis of schistosomiaisis can be used in the field for screening. However, the effect and efficiency of DDIA was better than those of ELISA.

Key words: Schistosomiasis japonica, Dipstick dye immunoassay (DDIA), Enzyme-Iinked im munosorbent assay (ELISA), Effect of screening, Paired comparison

摘要：

目的 评价胶体染料试纸条法(DDIA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种试剂盒在血吸虫病现场防治中的筛查价值。方法 受检对象采取整群抽样，按照单盲试验的原则，先同时进行 DDIA和ELISA血清学检测，再对血清学阳性者采用粪便尼龙绢集卵孵化法（1送1检）进行病原学检查，配对比较两种试剂盒的筛查效果和效率。结果 在11个流行村配对检测12 881人，ELISA 阳性912例，平均阳性率为7.08%(0.84%～21.50~6);DDIA阳性707例，平均阳性率为5.49% (0.44~6～17.83%)，ELISA法显著高于DDIA法(χ²=27. 698，P<0.01)；两法双阳性383例，双阴性11 645例，总符合率为93.38%，检出结果呈中度一致(kappa=0.438)，两种试剂盒在未控制地区筛出的阳性数差异无显著性(χ²=3. 498，P=0. 061)，在已控制地区筛出的阳性数ELISA明显高于 DDIA (χ²=33. 393，P<O. Ol)。在血清学阳性的885例(ELISA)和61 5例(DDIA)中分别查出粪孵阳性病人25例和27例，用DDIA法筛查减少粪检270人，却多查出2例粪阳病人。DDIA和ELISA法每人每日完成检测样本数分别为473份和174份，DDIA法的检测工作效率是ELISA法的2.72倍。结论  两种试剂盒均可用于血吸虫病现场筛查，但DDIA试剂盒的筛查效率优于ELISA试剂盒。

关键词: [关键词] 日本血吸虫病；胶体染料试纸条法；酶联免疫吸附试验；筛查效果；配对比较