Abstract: Objective　To evaluate the effectiveness of schistosomiasis control programmes in Jiangsu Province during the stage moving from transmission control to transmission interruption, and to analyze the current risk and challenges, so as to provide the evidence for achieving the target of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods　Schistosomiasis surveillance data were collected from Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2024, and the endemic areas, Schistosoma japonicum infections in humans and livestock, Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution and implementation of integrated interventions were descriptively analyzed. In addition, the trends in areas with snails, seroprevalence of human S. japonicum infections and numbers of advanced schistosomiasis cases were assessed using a Joinpoint regression model. Results　The endemic areas of schistosomiasis continued to shrink in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2024, with the number of schistosomiasis⁃eliminated counties (cities, districts) increasing from 53 (75.71%) to 63 (96.92%), and interruption of schistosomiasis transmission was achieved across the province. A total of 4 600 300 person⁃times were tested for serum antibodies against S. japonicum with 28 719 person⁃times positive detected；and 616 500 person⁃times were tested S. japonicum infections among local residents in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2024, with only 3 egg⁃positives detected, and no egg⁃positives found since 2017. A total of 187 600 herd⁃times were tested for schistosomiasis in livestock, and no S. japonicum infections were found. O. hupensis snail survey was performed covering 1 018 408.97 hm2, and a total of 35 556.35 hm2 was found with snail⁃infested habitats, including 174.40 hm2 of emerging snail⁃infested habitats. A total of O. hupensis 1 102 800 snails were identified for S. japonicum infections, and no infections were found. The areas of snail⁃infested habitats appeared a tendency towards a rise in Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2023 (APC = 23.67%, P < 0.05), and the actual areas of snail⁃infested habitats appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2012 to 2015 (APC = −22.77%, P < 0.05), and towards a rise from 2015 to 2023 (APC = 9.76%, P < 0.01). The seroprevalence of anti⁃S. japonicum antibodies appeared a tendency towards a decline among residents in Jiangsu Province from 2017 to 2023 (APC = −14.92%, P < 0.01). In addition, the number of newly diagnosed advanced schistosomiasis cases appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2012 to 2024 (APC = −12.02%, P < 0.01), and the numbers of advanced schistosomiasis patients requiring treatment showed a tendency towards a decline from 2012 to 2021 (APC = −10.56%, P < 0.01) and from 2021 to 2023 (APC = −20.06%, P < 0.01). Conclusions　Great progresses had been achieved in schistosomiasis control in Jiangsu Province following transmission control, and transmission interruption had been achieved; however, there are still snail⁃infested habitats. High⁃intensity surveillance and integrated control are required to be maintained to advance the achievement of the target of schistosomiasis elimination in Jiangsu Province.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Transmission control, Transmission interruption, Elimination, Jiangsu Province, Oncomelania hupensis, Surveillance

摘要： 目的　分析2012—2024年江苏省血吸虫病监测结果，评价江苏省达到血吸虫病传播控制标准后向传播阻断标准推进的防治成效，分析当前存在的风险与挑战，为实现消除血吸虫病目标提供科学依据。方法　收集2012—2024年江苏省血吸虫病监测数据，对流行范围、人群和家畜感染情况、钉螺分布及综合防控措施等指标进行描述性分析。采用Joinpoint回归模型对血吸虫病疫情指标逐年变化趋势进行建模分析。结果　2012—2024年，江苏省血吸虫病流行区范围持续压缩，达到血吸虫病消除标准的县（市、区）数从53个（占75.71%）增至63个（占96.92%），全省均达到血吸虫病传播阻断标准。2012—2024年，江苏省累计开展本地人群血清抗血吸虫抗体检查460.03万人·次，检出阳性28 719人·次；人群病原学检测61.65万人·次，检出阳性3例，自2017年起未查出粪检阳性病人；累计开展家畜血吸虫病查病18.76万头·次，未查出血吸虫感染阳性家畜；累计开展钉螺分布调查1 018 408.97 hm2，累计查出有螺面积35 556.35 hm2，其中新发现有螺面积174.40 hm2；解剖钉螺110.28万只，未检出血吸虫感染阳性钉螺。2012—2024年，江苏省查出有螺面积于2019—2023年呈上升趋势（APC = 23.67%，P < 0.05）；实有钉螺面积于2012—2015年呈下降趋势（APC = −22.77%，P < 0.05），于2015—2023年呈上升趋势（APC = 9.76%，P < 0.01）；人群血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率于2017—2023年呈下降趋势（APC = −14.92%，P < 0.01）；新发现晚期血吸虫病（晚血）病人数呈下降趋势（APC = −12.02%，P < 0.01），2012—2021年（APC = −10.56%，P < 0.01）和2021—2023年（APC = −20.06%，P < 0.01）需治疗晚血病人数均呈下降趋势。结论　江苏省在达到血吸虫病传播控制标准后，防治工作进展显著，基本达到传播阻断标准；但有螺环境依然存在，应保持高强度监测和综合防控，推动血吸虫病消除目标的实现。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 传播控制, 传播阻断, 消除, 江苏省, 钉螺, 监测