Abstract: Tropical diseases, the transmission of which is affected by multiple natural and social factors, pose a great challenge to global public health, notably in African countries. During the past several decades, China and African countries have continuously collaborated for the control of neglected tropical diseases and malaria, which has become an important part of global South⁃to⁃South cooperation and global health governance. This article reviews the history of China⁃Africa cooperation for tropical diseases control, summarizes the experiences and achievements over the past decade, analyzes the current challenges in the cooperation, and proposes future recommendations. The China⁃Africa cooperation has achieved significant progress in the control of tropical diseases, such as malaria, schistosomiasis, and filariasis, and established a China⁃Africa cooperation network for tropical diseases control. Through the "Three⁃Step" strategy of China⁃Africa cooperation, the effectiveness of China's integrated control strategies has been validated in Africa, and the application of China's tropical disease control technologies has been promoted in African disease⁃epidemic countries. Currently, China⁃Africa collaboration, however, still experiences multiple realistic challenges, such as insufficient resources, difficulty in technology transfer, and weak primary healthcare systems. In the future, both sides are recommended to further strengthen policy coordination, deepen technological cooperation, innovate cooperation models, aiming to continuously promote the high⁃quality development of China⁃Africa cooperation for tropical diseases control.

Key words: Tropical disease, Public Health, China?Africa cooperation, Global health governance, Schistosomiasis, Malaria

摘要： 热带病流行受自然与社会等多重因素影响，对全球公共卫生构成严重威胁，在非洲地区尤为严峻。数十年来，中国与非洲国家在被忽视热带病、疟疾防控等领域持续开展合作，已成为全球南南合作与卫生治理的重要内容。本文回顾了中非热带病防控合作历史，总结了近十年来的实践经验与成效，分析了当前合作中面临的挑战，并提出了相应的对策建议。中非在疟疾、血吸虫病、丝虫病等热带病防控合作中成效显著，构建了中非热带病防控合作网络，实践了中非合作“三步走”策略，验证了中国综合防控策略平移后的疾病控制成效，并促进了中国热带病防控技术在非洲流行国家的推广应用。然而，当前中非合作仍面临资源不足、技术转移难、基层体系建设弱等现实挑战。未来，双方应进一步加强政策协调、深化技术合作、创新合作模式，持续推动中非热带病合作向更高质量发展。

关键词: 热带病, 公共卫生, 中非合作, 全球卫生治理, 血吸虫病, 疟疾