Abstract: Objective　To investigate the prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode human infections in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis control strategies and evaluation of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis control effectiveness. Methods　There were 10 surveillance points established in Hubei Province for soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis each year from 2016 to 2023. The surveillance points were divided into eastern, western, southern, northern and central regions according to geographical locations, and one administrative village was sampled from a township in each region as a surveillance point. Then, at least 200 permanent residents at ages of over 3 years were randomly sampled at each point, with at least 1 000 individuals sampled. Soil⁃transmitted nematode infection was detected using a modified Kato⁃Katz thick smear method (two slides for one stool sample), and Enterobius vermicularis infection was additionally detected with a cellophane tape test among children at ages of 3 to 9 years. The prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode human infections was descriptively analyzed. Results　A total of 80 547 individuals underwent surveillance for soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023, and a total of 262 individuals were detected with soil⁃transmitted nematode infections, including two cases with mixed infections, yielding an overall prevalence rate of 0.33% (262/80 547). The prevalence rates of hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and E. vermicularis infections were 0.02% (20/80 547), 0.07% (55/80 547), 0.02% (15/80 547) and 0.22% (174/80 547), respectively, appearing a parasite species⁃specific prevalence rate ([χ2] = 250.235, P < 0.05), and the prevalence rates of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections were 0.50% (51/10 271), 0.37% (34/9 120), 0.39% (39/10 099), 0.40% (41/10 168), 0.36% (37/10 234), 0.45% (46/10 211), 0.03% (3/10 238) and 0.11% (11/10 206) in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023, respectively, showing a year⁃specific prevalence rate ([χ2] = 60.589, P < 0.05). Soil⁃transmitted nematode infections were detected across 36 surveillance points, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections among surveillance points (0.02% to 3.30%, P < 0.001). In addition, the differences in prevalence rates of human soil⁃transmitted nematode infection among different age groups ([χ2] = 531.091, P < 0.05), occupations (P < 0.001), and education levels (P < 0.001) were all statistically significant. Among these, the children at ages of 3 to 9 years old (1.40%, 174/12 461), nursery⁃school children (1.69%, 90/5 312) and preschool⁃aged children (1.56%, 93/5 969) were relatively high. Conclusions　The overall prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis was low in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2023; however, the prevalence varied across regions and among populations, with E. vermicularis as the predominant species of soil⁃transmitted nematode. Soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis control should be given a high priority in key areas in Hubei Province, and preschool children, primary school students, and individuals with a low educational level are recommended as key target populations for health education and interventions. 

Key words: Soil?transmitted nematodiasis, Surveillance, Hubei Province

摘要： 目的　分析2016—2023年湖北省土源性线虫人群感染情况，为该省制定土源性线虫病防治对策、评价防治效果提供依据。方法　2016—2023年，湖北省每年均设立10个土源性线虫病监测点。按照东、西、南、北、中5个地理方位，将监测点划分为5个片区，从每个片区抽取1个乡（镇）的1个行政村作为调查点。随机抽取调查点内3岁以上常住居民不少于200人、累计不少于1 000人开展监测。采集监测对象粪便样本，采用改良加藤厚涂片法（1粪2检）进行土源性线虫感染检测，3～< 9岁儿童同时采用透明胶纸肛拭法进行蛲虫感染检测。对人群土源性线虫感染情况进行描述性分析。结果　2016—2023年湖北省累计开展人群土源性线虫病监测80 547人，检出土源性线虫感染262例（2例为混合感染），总感染率为0.33%（262/80 547）；钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫和蛲虫感染率分别为0.02%（20/80 547）、0.07%（55/80 547）、0.02%（15/80 547）和0.22%（174/80 547），各虫种感染率差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 250.235，P < 0.05）。2016—2023年各年份湖北省人群土源性线虫感染率依次为0.50%（51/10 271）、0.37%（34/9 120）、0.39%（39/10 099）、0.40%（41/10 168）、0.36%（37/10 234）、0.45%（46/10 211）、0.03%（3/10 238）、0.11%（11/10 206），差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 60.589，P < 0.05）。共有36个监测点检出土源性线虫感染者，不同监测点感染率在0.02%～3.30%，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。此外，不同年龄组（[χ2] = 531.091，P < 0.05）、职业（P < 0.001）和文化程度（P < 0.001）人群土源性线虫感染率差异均有统计学意义；其中，3～< 9岁年龄组（1.40%，174/12 461）、幼托儿童（1.69%，90/5 312）和学龄前儿童（1.56%，93/5 969）土源性线虫感染率较高。结论　2016—2023年湖北省土源性线虫病总体处于低流行态势，但不同地区、人群感染率存在差异，且以蛲虫感染为主。后续防治工作应聚焦于重点地区，并将学龄前儿童、小学生和文化程度较低者作为开展健康教育与干预的重点人群。

关键词: 土源性线虫病, 监测, 湖北省