Abstract: Objective　To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide insights into formulation of human brucellosis control measures. Methods　The epidemiological data of human brucellosis cases in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (excluding the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps) from 2020 to 2023 were retrieved from the National Notifiable Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System, and population data in Tacheng Prefecture from 2020 to 2023 were collected from 2020 China Population Census by County. A hexagonal grid map was created at a township level using the R 4.5.0 software to examine the spatial distribution and spatial autocorrelation of human brucellosis cases, so as to identify statistically significant spatial clustering patterns and clusters. Results　A total of 1 798 human brucellosis cases were reported in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2020 to 2023, with an average annual incidence rate of 40.54/105. Human brucellosis cases were predominantly detected during the period between March and August (1 291 cases, 71.80% of totally reported cases), and these cases were predominantly male (70.19%), individuals at ages of 30 to 60 years (73.14%), and farmers and herdsmen (86.32%). The highest annual average incidence of human brucellosis was found in Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County (71.21/105), and a high number of human brucellosis cases was reported in Shawan City and Wusu City (1 160 cases, 64.52% of total cases), which were epidemic⁃concentrated regions for human brucellosis. Spatial analysis of human brucellosis at a township scale revealed that human brucellosis cases exhibited spatial clustering patterns in Tacheng Prefecture each year from 2020 to 2023 (Moran's I = 0.27 to 0.44, all P values < 0.05). Hotspot townships were primarily concentrated in Shawan City and Wusu City and remained relatively stable, while cold⁃spot areas gradually expanded. Conclusions　Human brucellosis remained highly prevalent in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2020 to 2023. Targeted management of sources of infection and high⁃risk individuals is recommended for human brucellosis control.

Key words: Human brucellosis, Epidemiological characteristic, Spatial distribution, Tacheng Prefecture

摘要： 目的　了解新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区人间布鲁氏菌病（布病）流行病学分布特征，为制定该病防控措施提供参考。方法　于国家传染病报告信息管理系统获取2020—2023年新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区（不含新疆生产建设兵团）人间布病疫情数据，于《中国人口普查分县资料—2020》获取2020—2023年塔城地区人口数据。采用R 4.5.0软件，在乡（镇）尺度构建六边形网格图进行病例空间分布与空间自相关分析，识别具有统计学意义的空间聚集模式与聚集区。结果　2020—2023年塔城地区累计报告布病病例1 798例，年均发病率为40.54/10万。病例主要发病于3—8月，该期间共报告病例1 291例（占71.80%）。病例中男性（占70.19%）、30 ~ < 60岁（占73.14%）及农牧民（占86.32%）人群占比较高。和布克赛尔蒙古自治县年均发病率最高（71.21/10万）；沙湾市和乌苏市累计报告病例数较多（共1 160例，占64.52%），是布病疫情集中区域。基于乡（镇）尺度的空间分析结果显示，2020—2023年各年份塔城地区布病病例均呈空间聚集模式分布（Moran’s I = 0.27 ~ 0.44，P均< 0.05），热点乡（镇）集中分布于沙湾市与乌苏市且相对稳定，冷点区域范围逐步扩大。结论　2020—2023年新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区人间布病处于高发状态，建议进一步加强传染源管控和高危人群管理。

关键词: 人间布鲁氏菌病, 流行病学特征, 空间分布, 塔城地区