Abstract: Based on review of global and Chinese schistosomiasis control progress and the evolution of control strategies, this article focuses on Chinese practical experiences of schistosomiasis control and systematically summarizes five key determinants for schistosomiasis transmission risk, including source of infections, intermediate host snails, high⁃risk populations, natural environments, and social factors. To address these risks and challenges associated with these determinants, the article reviews the advances in techniques for assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk and their applications, including conventional risk assessment approaches, mathematical model⁃based tools for prediction of schistosomiasis transmission risk, and indicator⁃system⁃based techniques for assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk. This review underscores the essential role of interdisciplinary integration and dynamic management in precision schistosomiasis control and recommends the intensification of verification of field adaptation and dynamic updates of indicator systems to promote the widespread application of assessment tools across diverse regions and contexts, so as to provide strategic guidance and methodological support to achieve the target for elimination of schistosomiasis across China in 2030.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Transmission, Risk assessment technique, Precision control, Global, China

摘要： 本文在回顾全球及中国血吸虫病防控进展与策略演变的基础上，聚焦中国实践经验，系统梳理当前在血吸虫病传播风险管控中传染源、中间宿主、重点人群、自然环境及社会因素等5大关键影响因素，并针对上述风险与挑战，从传统风险评估方法、基于数理模型的传播风险预测方法与基于指标体系的风险评估技术3个方面，对血吸虫病传播风险评估技术及应用进展进行综述。本综述强调多学科融合与动态管理在精准防控中的作用，并建议加强现场适应性验证与指标体系动态更新，推动评估工具在多区域、多情境下的广泛应用，从而为实现2030年全国消除血吸虫病目标提供决策参考与方法支撑。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 传播, 风险评估技术, 精准防控, 全球, 中国