Abstract: Tick⁃borne encephalitis is a central nervous system disease caused by infections with tick⁃borne pathogens, which is characterized by severe clinical symptoms, multiple sequelae, and a high fatality rate. Currently, there is no cure for tick⁃borne encephalitis. Tick⁃borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most common pathogen of tick⁃borne encephalitis. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of TBEV contributes to reducing the mortality of tick⁃borne encephalitis, improving patients' prognosis, and reducing the risk of TBEV transmission. The currently available serological tests for detection of TBEV infections mainly include neutralization test, enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence assay, and nucleic acid tests mainly include polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop⁃mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), reverse transcription polymerase spiral reaction, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR⁃associated proteins (Cas)⁃based assays. This review summarizes the progress of researches on serological and nucleic acid tests for detection of TBEV infections, so as to provide insights into prevention and control of tick⁃borne encephalitis.

Key words: Tick?borne encephalitis virus, Tick?borne encephalitis, Serological test, Nucleic acid test

摘要： 蜱传脑炎是由蜱虫传播病原体感染所致的一类中枢神经系统疾病，临床症状通常较严重且多伴有后遗症，病死率高，目前尚无有效治疗药物。蜱传脑炎病毒（tick⁃borne encephalitis virus，TBEV）是最常见的蜱传脑炎病原体，快速、准确检测TBEV感染有助于降低蜱传脑炎死亡率，改善患者预后，减少TBEV传播风险。目前，TBEV感染的血清学检测技术主要包括中和试验、酶联免疫吸附试验、免疫荧光法等，核酸检测技术主要包括聚合酶链式反应、核酸等温扩增技术、逆转录聚合酶螺旋反应、成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列等。本文对上述血清学检测及核酸检测技术应用于TBEV感染检测的研究进展进行综述，旨在为蜱传脑炎防治提供参考。

关键词: 蜱传脑炎病毒, 蜱传脑炎, 血清学检测, 核酸检测