Abstract: Avian coccidiosis, an acute parasitic disease that mainly harms chicks, is widely prevalent across the world, which poses a serious threat to poultry industry. Because of the single prophylactic formulations, veterinary clinical treatment of coccidiosis mainly relies on chemically synthesized agents, polyether ionophores and Chinese herbal medicines. The introduction of novel anticoccidial drugs is slow for a long period of time, and there is an increasing problem of anticoccidial drug resistance following long⁃term use, which has become an urgent problem to be solved in poultry industry. This review summarizes the levels of anticoccidial drug resistance across China from 2018 to 2023, and analyzes the resistance to various anticoccidial agents in coccidia. It is indicated that the overall prevalence of anticoccidial drug resistance is high in coccidia, and development of novel anticoccidial agents and products with reduced antibiotics use and alternatives of antibiotics is of an urgent need. 

Key words: Coccidia, Anticoccidial agent, Drug resistance, Polyether ionophore, Chemical synthesis

摘要： 鸡球虫病是以危害雏鸡为主的一种急性流行性寄生虫病，在世界范围内广泛传播和流行，对养鸡业造成严重威胁。由于预防制剂单一，我国兽医临床上球虫病主要依赖化学合成类、聚醚离子载体类和中草药类药物防控。长期以来，抗球虫药推陈出新速度慢，长期使用后耐药性问题日益凸显，已成为亟待解决的行业问题。本文统计了2018—2023年我国不同地区鸡球虫耐药水平、分析了鸡球虫对不同种类抗球虫药物耐药现状。综合数据分析表明，我国鸡球虫总体耐药性较为严重，抗球虫新药以及减抗、替抗产品研发已成为迫切需求。

关键词: 球虫, 抗球虫药, 耐药性, 聚醚离子载体类, 化学合成