Abstract: Schistosomiasis was once hyper⁃endemic in Yunnan Province. Following concerted efforts for over 70 years, remarkable achievements have been made for schistosomiasis control in the province. In 2004, the Mid⁃ and Long⁃term Plan for Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control in Yunnan Province was initiated in Yunnan Province, and the target for transmission control of schistosomiasis was achieved in the province in 2009. Following the subsequent implementation of the Outline for Key Projects in Integrated Schistosomiasis Control Program (2009—2015) and the 13th Five⁃year Plan for Schistosomiasis Control in Yunnan Province, no acute schistosomiasis had been identified in Yunnan Province for successive 12 years, and no local Schistosoma japonicum infections had been detected in humans, animals or Oncomelania hupensis snails for successive 6 years in the province by the end of 2020. The transmission of schistosomiasis was interrupted in Yunnan Province in 2020. This review summarizes the history of schistosomiasis, changes in schistosomiasis prevalence and progress of schistosomiasis control in Yunnan Province, and proposes the future priorities for schistosomiasis control in the province.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Transmission interruption, Elimination, Yunnan Province

摘要： 云南省曾是我国血吸虫病重度流行省份之一。经过70余年的不懈努力，全省血吸虫病防控工作取得了显著成就。2004年，云南省启动实施《云南省预防和控制血吸虫病中长期规划纲要（2004—2015年）》，2009年实现血吸虫病传播控制目标。随后，通过实施《血吸虫病综合治理重点项目规划纲要（2009—2015年）》、《“十三五”云南省血吸虫病防治规划》，至2020年底，全省已经持续12年未发现急性血吸虫感染者，连续6年未发现本地感染新病例、病畜及感染性钉螺，2020年云南省达到血吸虫病传播阻断标准。本文对云南省血吸虫病流行历史、疫情变化、防治历程进行了总结和分析，并就今后全省血吸虫病防治工作重点提出了建议。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 传播阻断, 消除, 云南省