血吸虫病消除进程中的健康教育与健康促进Ⅰ 基于社区资源整合的健康教育需求及可用资源调查

中国血吸虫病防治杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 626-630.

血吸虫病消除进程中的健康教育与健康促进Ⅰ 基于社区资源整合的健康教育需求及可用资源调查

张晶1，李兰2，曹淳力3，谢曙英1，谌俊江1，刘跃民1，谢华1，胡飞1*

1 江西省寄生虫病防治研究所（江西南昌 330096）；2 江西省妇幼保健院；3 传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室、中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所（国家热带病研究中心）、国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室、WHO热带病合作中心、科技部国家级热带病国际联合研究中心

出版日期:2024-12-25 发布日期:2024-12-31
通讯作者: 胡飞hufei@21cn.com
作者简介:张晶，女，副研究员。研究方向：血吸虫病健康教育
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（71764011）；江西省重点研发计划（20202BBGL73047）；江西省卫生健康委员会科技计划（202311184）

Health education and health promotion during the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination Ⅰ Investigation on health education needs and available resource based on integration of community resources

ZHANG Jing1, LI Lan2, CAO Chunli3, XIE Shuying1, CHEN Junjiang1, LIU Yuemin1, XIE Hua1, HU Fei1*

1 Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, China; 2 Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, China; 3 National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, China

Online:2024-12-25 Published:2024-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　分析基于社区资源整合的血吸虫病流行区健康教育需求和可用资源，探索血吸虫病消除阶段健康教育与健康促进的运行路径。方法　选择江西省鄱阳湖区的南昌市新建区南矶乡社区作为调查地点，于2022年6—7月采用面对面询问方式对20岁以上常住居民进行血吸虫病防治（血防）健康教育需求问卷调查。采用现场观察、实地调研及专题访谈对乡属专职机构工作人员、民间组织成员，以及村民、老师和中小学生开展社区血防健康教育可用资源调查。结果　共304人参与社区血防健康教育需求调查，分别有94.41%（287/304）和93.42%（284/304）的调查对象最希望了解/掌握血吸虫形态和血吸虫病传播途径相关知识；最受调查对象欢迎的4种血防健康知识传播方式依次为现场播放血防视频（94.41%，287/304）、平面宣传册（89.80%，273/304）、医生专题讲座（62.50%，190/304）和实物类血防宣传品（61.51%，187/304）；认同并接受乡卫生院和乡政府/村委会参与血防健康知识宣传的调查对象占比较高，分别为96.71%（294/304）和77.63%（236/304）；居民既往主要通过村里发放宣传册获取血防健康知识［95.72%（291/304）］，获取知识的场所主要为血防义诊活动现场［80.59%（245/304）］；96.71%（294/304）的调查对象既往曾参与村委会、乡卫生院、中小学校/幼儿园等机构举办的血防健康知识宣传活动，61.25%（177/289）的调查对象愿意参加血防志愿工作。共115人参与社区血防健康教育可用资源调查，调查结果显示，社区具备可用于开展健康传播服务的组织、人力和丰富的文化资源。结论　在血吸虫病流行区，可将社区充足的人力和物力资源与血防健康教育进行资源整合，形成由血防机构⁃乡镇政府⁃社区部门⁃社区居民共同参与的乡村健康教育路径。该路径为未来血防健康教育的开展提供了方向。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 健康教育, 健康促进, 资源整合, 鄱阳湖区

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the health education needs and available resources in schistosomiasis⁃endemic areas based on integration of community resources, and to explore the operation pathways for health education and promotion during the stage of schistosomiasis elimination. Methods　A community was selected from Nanji Township, Xinjian District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province around the Poyang Lake areas as the study site, and a questionnaire survey on health education needs for schistosomiasis control was conducted among permanent residents at ages of 20 years in the community during the period between June and July, 2022 using face⁃to⁃face interviews. In addition, the resources available for the community⁃based schistosomiasis control health education were investigated among workers in township⁃level specialized institutions, members of civil society organizations, villagers, teachers and high and primary school students through field observations, field surveys and thematic interviews. Results　A total of 304 individuals participated in the questionnaire survey on community⁃based health education needs for schistosomiasis control, and 94.41% (287/304) and 93.42% (284/304) of the respondents were most interested in knowing/understanding knowledge of the morphology of schistosomes and knowledge associated with the transmission route of schistosomiasis. The four most popular patterns for disseminating schistosomiasis control knowledge included live broadcasting of schistosomiasis control videos (94.41%, 287/304), printed brochures (89.80%, 273/304), special lectures by doctors (62.50%, 190/304) and physical health education materials for schistosomiasis control (61.51%, 187/304). There were 96.71% (294/304) and 77.63% (236/304) of respondents that accepted the participation of township healthcare center and township government/village committees in dissemination of schistosomiasis control knowledge, and there were 95.72% (291/304) and 80.59% (245/304) of respondents that mainly acquired schistosomiasis control knowledge through village allocation of leaflets and volunteer schistosomiasis control activities, respectively. There was 96.71% (294/304) of respondents participating in the dissemination activities of schistosomiasis control knowledge held by village committees, township healthcare centers, and high and primary schools/kindergartens, and 61.25% (177/289) of respondents were willing to participate in volunteer schistosomiasis control activities. A total of 115 individuals participated in the survey of available resources for community⁃based schistosomiasis control health education, and there were a large number of organizational, human and cultural resources in the community that were useful for health communication services. Conclusions　The abundant human and material resources from rural communities in schistosomiasis⁃endemic areas may be integrated into schistosomiasis control health education to generate a rural health education pathway with the joint participation of schistosomiasis control institutions, township governments, community departments and community residents, which may provide insights into the future development of schistosomiasis control health education.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Health education, Health promotion, Resource integration, Poyang Lake area

中图分类号:

R532.21

张晶, 李兰, 曹淳力, 谢曙英, 谌俊江, 刘跃民, 谢华, 胡飞. 血吸虫病消除进程中的健康教育与健康促进Ⅰ 基于社区资源整合的健康教育需求及可用资源调查[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志, 2024, 36(6): 626-630.

ZHANG Jing, LI Lan, CAO Chunli, XIE Shuying, CHEN Junjiang, LIU Yuemin, XIE Hua, HU Fei. Health education and health promotion during the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination Ⅰ Investigation on health education needs and available resource based on integration of community resources[J]. Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control, 2024, 36(6): 626-630.

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