Abstract: Triatoma rubrofasciata is currently the most widely distributed species of Triatoma worldwide, and it is also widespread in southern China. T. rubrofasciata has been proven to transmit Trypanosoma cruzi, and is one of vectors transmitting Chagas disease, which poses a potential risk for transmission of imported Chagas disease in China. Findings from latest studies have shown that T. rubrofasciata naturally infects T. lewisi, T. conorhini, and T. rangeli, which undoubtedly increases significant risks of and challenges to trypanosomiasis control in China. This article briefly describes the species of T. rubrofasciata⁃transmitted trypanosomes, and summarizes the epidemiological characteristics of trypanosomiasis, so as to provide insights into T. rubrofasciata⁃transmitted trypanosomiasis surveillance and control, and prevention of trypanosomiasis development and transmission in China.

Key words: Triatoma rubrofasciata, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma lewisi, Trypanosoma conorhini, Trypanosoma range

摘要： 红带锥蝽（Triatoma rubrofasciata）是目前全球分布范围最广的一种锥蝽，我国南方地区亦有广泛分布。红带锥蝽已被证实可传播克氏锥虫（Trypanosoma cruzi），是恰加斯病的传播媒介之一，对我国构成输入性恰加斯病传播的潜在风险。最新研究证实，红带锥蝽还可以自然感染路氏锥虫（T. lewisi）、康氏锥虫（T. conorhini）和兰氏锥虫（T. rangeli）等锥虫，给我国锥虫病防控带来了诸多风险和挑战。本文简述了红带锥蝽感染的锥虫种类，以及相关锥虫病流行病学特征，旨在为红带锥蝽传播的锥虫病监测与防控提供参考，以预防我国锥虫病的发生与流行。

关键词: 红带锥蝽, 克氏锥虫, 路氏锥虫, 康氏锥虫, 兰氏锥虫