Abstract: Schistosomiasis is prevalent in 78 countries and territories worldwide, while the eastern and western parts of sub⁃Sahara Africa bear the highest disease burden due to schistosomiasis. Recently, climate change, international trade and travel, urbanization and war have increased the risk of cross⁃boundary importation and transmission of schistosomiasis, and schistosomiasis has increasingly become a public health concern in non⁃endemic countries and territories. Biomphalaria straminea, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, has colonized in southern China and its habitats continue to move northward. In addition, cross⁃boundary imported cases of schistosomiasis have been reported occasionally in China. However, the real number of cases may be underestimated greatly due to insufficient diagnostic capacity and weak awareness of case reporting for overseas imported schistosomiasis in healthcare facilities. It is necessary to establish a multi⁃party collaborative mechanism, improve corresponding systems and technical specifications, reinforce surveillance and early warning, and border management, enhance technical reserves and capability building, and improve the awareness of schistosomiasis prevention and healthcare⁃seeking among entry⁃exit personnel, in order to effectively address the threat of cross⁃boundary imported schistosomiasis.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Cross?boundary importation, Control measure

摘要： 血吸虫病流行于全球78个国家和地区，当前疾病负担主要集中在非洲撒哈拉地区东部和西部。近些年，气候变化、国际贸易和旅行、城市化建设以及战争等因素增大了全球血吸虫病跨境输入及传播风险，在非流行国家及地区逐渐成为一个值得关注的公共卫生问题。曼氏血吸虫中间宿主藁杆双脐螺已在我国南方定殖且孳生地不断北移，跨境输入性血吸虫病病例时有报道，但由于医疗卫生机构对境外输入性血吸虫病病例诊断能力不足和报告意识不强等因素的影响，实际患者数可能远被低估。为有效应对跨境输入性血吸虫病的威胁，需要建立多方协作的工作机制、完善相应制度和技术规范、强化监测预警和边境管控、加强技术储备和能力提升、提高出入境人员的血吸虫病防护和诊治意识。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 跨境输入, 防治对策