Abstract: Objective　To analyse the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria cases after malaria elimination in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide reference for malaria prevention and control in grassroots healthcare institutions. Methods　All data pertaining to malaria cases reported in Yixing City from 2016 to 2022 were retrieved from Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the data pertaining to vector monitoring and human malaria parasite infections from 2016 to 2022 were collected for a descriptive statistical analysis. Results　A total of 14 imported malaria cases were reported in Yixing City from 2016 to 2022, including 12 cases with Plasmodium falciparum malaria, one case with P. vivax malaria and one case with P. ovale malaria, and all cases acquired infections in Africa and then returned to Yixing City. Malaria cases were reported across 2016 to 2022 except in 2020 and 2021. Malaria cases were predominantly reported during the period between December and February of the next year, and workers were the predominant occupation. The institutions where malaria was initially diagnosed included county⁃level general hospitals, county⁃level disease prevention and control institutions and grassroots healthcare centers, and there were 10 cases with definitive diagnosis of malaria on the day of initial diagnosis, with a 64.29% (9/14) correct rate of initial diagnosis. There were 5 cases diagnosed with severe malaria, and the standardized response rate was 100.00% following the “1⁃3⁃7” surveillance and response strategy. Of all malaria vectors, only Anopheles sinensis was monitored in Yixing City from 2016 to 2022, and all humans were tested negative for blood smears except imported malaria cases. Conclusions　The correct rate of initial malaria diagnosis was not high in healthcare institutions in Yixing City from 2016 to 2022, and there are still multiple challenges for prevention of re⁃establishment of imported malaria.

Key words: Malaria, Imported case, Elimination, Yixing City

摘要： 目的　分析江苏省宜兴市消除疟疾后输入性疟疾病例流行病学特征，为基层医疗卫生机构疟疾防控提供参考。方法　通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2016—2022年宜兴市疟疾病例报告信息和流行病学调查资料，并收集2016—2022年宜兴市传疟媒介监测和人群疟原虫感染资料，进行描述性统计分析。结果　2016—2022年宜兴市累计报告输入性疟疾病例14例，均为非洲输入性病例，其中恶性疟12例、间日疟和卵形疟各1例。除2020年和2021年外，其他年份均有疟疾病例报告，病例报告时间主要集中在12月至次年2月，职业以工人为主。初诊单位包括县级综合医院、县级疾病预防控制机构和基层卫生院，初诊当天确诊为疟疾10例，初诊正确率为64.29%（9/14）；出现5例重症病例，均按“1⁃3⁃7”工作规范进行处置，规范处置率为100.00%。2016—2022年宜兴市传疟媒介监测发现该市按蚊种类均为中华按蚊；除输入性疟疾确诊病例血检阳性外，其他人群血检结果均为阴性。结论　2016—2022年宜兴市医疗卫生机构疟疾初诊正确率不高，防止疟疾输入再传播工作面临巨大挑战。 　

关键词: 疟疾, 输入性病例, 消除, 宜兴市