Abstract: Malaria was one of the major infectious diseases in Jiangsu Province, where Anopheles sinensis and An. anthropophagus are main vectors for malaria transmission. Following the concerted efforts for decades, the goal of malaria elimination was achieved in Jiangsu Province in 2019, and the vector control strategy has played a vital role during the progress towards malaria elimination in Jiangsu Province. Hereby, we review the historical distribution and ecological features of An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus and describe vector control strategies at different stages of malaria control in Jiangsu Province. In addition, the advances in the research of vector biology and control in Jiangsu Province are discussed, including vector identification, strain colonization, susceptibility to malaria parasites and insecticide resistance.

Key words: Malaria, Vector control, Anopheles sinensis, Anopheles anthropophagus, Insecticide resistance, Jiangsu Province

摘要： 疟疾曾是江苏省流行的重大传染病之一，中华按蚊和嗜人按蚊是江苏省疟疾传播的主要媒介。经过几十年的积极防治，江苏省于2019年实现了消除疟疾目标，而媒介控制策略在全省消除疟疾过程中发挥了重要作用。本文回顾了江苏省主要疟疾传播媒介中华按蚊和嗜人按蚊的历史分布和生态习性以及不同防治阶段媒介控制策略和措施，并就媒介种类鉴定、品系构建、对疟原虫易感性、对杀虫剂抗性等媒介生物学及其防控研究概况进行了阐述。

关键词: 疟疾, 媒介控制, 中华按蚊, 嗜人按蚊, 杀虫剂抗性, 江苏省