Abstract: Objective　To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis cases in sentinel hospitals in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, so as to provide insights into schistosomiasis surveillance during the post⁃elimination stage.  Methods　Sentinel hospitals were assigned in 63 schistosomiasis⁃endemic counties (cities, districts) and 2 potential endemic counties at the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Hubei Province according to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme (2020 Edition). Floating populations were screened for schistosomiasis using immunological and parasitological tests, and the differences in the seroprevalence and prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections were compared among floating populations with different characteristics. The Sankey map of the monitored populations flow was created online using dycharts.  Results　　　The number of sentinel hospitals increased from 166 in 2020 to 288 in 2024 in Hubei Province, and sentinel hospitals were mainly distributed in Shashi District (27), Xiantao City (32), Zhongxiang City (32), and Hanchuan City (37), and relatively fewer in Jingzhou District (22), Honghu City (22), Jiangling County (21), and Shishou City (17). A total of 74 009 floating populations were monitored for schistosomiasis in sentinel hospitals in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, with 222 clinically diagnosis cases found; however, no cases with confirmed diagnosis were recorded. The cumulative seroprevalence of human schistosomiasis was 0.30%, and the seroprevalence varied greatly among floating populations in terms of monitoring methods ([χ2] = 74.112, P < 0.001), occupations ([χ2] = 74.588, P < 0.001), and age groups ([χ2] = 42.237, P < 0.001). The number of populations monitored in sentinel hospitals peaked during the period from October to December, accounting for 94.26% (69 759/74 009) of total populations monitored during the 5⁃year period. In schistosomiasis transmission interrupted counties (districts), high seroprevalence of human schistosomiasis was detected in Jingzhou Development District, Gong'an County, Shashi District, Yangxin County and Qujialing Administration District, while in schistosomiasis⁃eliminated counties (districts), high prevalence was seen in Tongshan County and Yiling District. There were 66.86% (49 485/74 009) of the monitored populations that migrated within schistosomiasis⁃endemic counties (cities, districts) in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, and 19.25% (14 244/74 009) migrated into Hubei Province from other provinces, including 49.44% (7 042/14 244) from schistosomiasis⁃endemic provinces, with Hunan Province, Sichuan Province, Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province and Jiangsu Province as predominant provinces of origin, while 13.89% (10 280/74 009) moved out of Hubei Province to other provinces, including 81.60% (8 388/10 280) into schistosomiasis⁃endemic provinces, with Guangdong Province, Zhejiang Province, Jiangxi Province, Jiangsu Province and Hunan Province as predominant destination provinces. Among the 222 clinically diagnosed schistosomiasis cases, there were 8 cases introduced to Hubei Province from other provinces and 75 cases moved out of Hubei Province to other provinces. Conclusions　The prevalence of schistosomiasis was extremely low among floating populations in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, and sentinel hospitals played a vital role in surveillance of human schistosomiasis among floating populations. Improved health education is recommended among migrant labors from schistosomiasis non⁃endemic provinces, and intensified management and improved sensitivity of schistosomiasis surveillance are required among floating populations in Hubei Province.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Sentinel hospital, Floating population, Surveillance, Hubei Province

摘要： 目的　分析2020—2024年湖北省哨点医院流动人群血吸虫病监测结果，为消除后持续开展监测工作提供参考。 方法　按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案（2020年版）》要求，在湖北省63个血吸虫病流行县（市、区）及2个三峡库区潜在流行县设置哨点医院，采用免疫学和病原学检测对流动人群开展血吸虫病监测，对不同特征人群血检阳性率和感染率差异进行统计分析。采用镝数图表在线制作监测人群流动桑基图。结果　湖北省哨点医院由2020年的166个增加至2024年的288个，其中沙市区（27个）、仙桃市（32个）、钟祥市（32个）、汉川市（37个）等血吸虫病重点流行县（市、区）哨点医院分布较多，同为重点流行县（市、区）的荆州区（22个）、洪湖市（22个）、江陵县（21个）、石首市（17个）分布相对较少。2020—2024年湖北省哨点医院累计监测流动人群74 009人，发现血吸虫病临床诊断病例222例，未发现确诊病例，人群累计血检阳性率为0.30%。不同监测方式（[χ2] = 74.112，P < 0.001）、不同职业人群（[χ2] = 74.588，P < 0.001）、不同年龄组人群（[χ2] = 42.237，P < 0.001）血检阳性率差异均有统计学意义。哨点医院监测人数高峰主要集中于每年10—12月，该期间监测人数占监测总人数的94.26%（69 759/74 009）。血吸虫病传播阻断县（市、区）中，荆州开发区、公安县、沙市区、阳新县、屈家岭管理区人群血检阳性率较高；消除县（市、区）中，通山县、夷陵区人群血检阳性率较高。2020—2024年，66.86%（49 485/74 009）的监测人群在省内血吸虫病流行县（市、区）间流动；19.25%（14 244/74 009）的监测人群由省外流入，其中49.44%（7 042/14 244）来自血吸虫病流行省份，以湖南省、四川省、安徽省、江西省和江苏省为主；13.89%（10 280/74 009）的监测人群由湖北省流出至省外，其中81.60%（8 388/10 280）流出至血吸虫病流行省份，以广东省、浙江省、江西省、江苏省、湖南省为主。222例血吸虫病临床诊断病例中，自外省流入8例，流出至外省75例。结论　2020—2024年湖北省流动人群血吸虫病疫情处于极低水平，哨点医院在流动人群血吸虫病监测工作中发挥了重要作用。今后应加强对来自血吸虫病非流行省份务工人员的健康教育工作，同时加强流动人群管理，以提高监测工作敏感性。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 哨点医院, 流动人群, 监测, 湖北省