Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of the visceral leishmaniasis control strategy in the province. Methods　All epidemiological features of confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases of visceral leishmaniasis reported in Gansu Province from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023 were retrieved from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis cases were analyzed descriptively. Results　A total of 280 visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in 39 counties (cities and districts) of Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023, including 258 local cases reported in 21 endemic counties (districts) and 22 imported cases reported in 18 non⁃endemic areas. Of the 280 cases, there were 262 cases with mountain type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT⁃ZVL), 12 cases with desert⁃type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (DT⁃ZVL), and 6 cases with unknown type. Re⁃emerging MT⁃ZVL occurred in Maiji District, Qinzhou District, Lixian County, Kangxian County, Zhenyuan County, Qin’an County and Yongjing County, and re⁃emerging DT⁃ZVL occurred in Dunhuang City, while emerging DT⁃ZVL occurred in Yumen City. The five countries reporting the highest number of visceral leishmaniasis cases included Wudu District, Wenxian County, Tanchang County, Zhouqu County and Diebu County, and a total of 220 cases were reported in these five counties, accounting for 78.57% of all visceral leishmaniasis cases in the province. Visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported each month throughout the year, with the peak in July. All reported visceral leishmaniasis cases had ages of 6 months to 81 years, including 50.71% (142/280) under 15 years of age, 49.29% (138/280) at ages of 15 years and older, and of all cases under 15 years of age, children at ages of 0 to 3 years were the most commonly affected (27.14%, 76/280). Among 280 visceral leishmaniasis cases, there were 173 males and 107 females with a male to female ratio of 1.62∶1, and farmer was the most common occupation (40.36%), followed by diaspora children (37.86%). Conclusions　The prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis appeared an overall tendency towards a decline in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023; however, there are still multiple challenges for visceral leishmaniasis in the province. Reinforced dog monitoring and management, intensified human health education and improved capability building among professionals are recommended to manage the rebounding and spread of visceral leishmaniasis.

Key words: Visceral leishmaniasis, Mountain?type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, Desert?type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, Re?emergence, Epidemiological characteristic, Gansu Province

摘要： 目的　分析2017—2023年甘肃省内脏利什曼病流行特征，为制定适合当地的内脏利什曼病防治策略提供科学依据。方法　在中国疾病预防控制信息系统中，收集2017年1月1日至2023年12月31日报告、现住址为甘肃省的内脏利什曼病确诊和临床诊断病例，对病例流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果　2017—2023年，甘肃省39个县（市、区）累计报告内脏利什曼病病例280例，其中21个流行县（市、区）报告本地感染病例258例、18个非流行区报告输入性病例22例。280例内脏利什曼病病例中，犬源型内脏利什曼病（mountain⁃type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis，MT⁃ZVL）和荒漠型内脏利什曼病（desert⁃type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis，DT⁃ZVL）病例分别为262例和12例，另有6例类型不详。麦积区、秦州区、礼县、康县、镇原县、秦安县和永靖县MT⁃ZVL复燃，敦煌市DT⁃ZVL复燃，玉门市为DT⁃ZVL新发区。内脏利什曼病病例数居前5位的地区为武都区、文县、宕昌县、舟曲县和迭部县，累计报告内脏利什曼病病例220例，占全省报告病例总数的78.57%。全年每月均有内脏利什曼病病例报告，病例发病高峰为7月。280例内脏利什曼病病例年龄在6个月～81岁，其中15岁以下占50.71%（142/280），15岁及以上占49.29%（138/280）；15岁以下发病人群以0 ～< 3岁儿童最多，占报告病例总数的27.14%（76/280）。280例内脏利什曼病病例中，男性173例、女性107例，男女性别比为1.62∶1；病例职业以农民最多（40.36%），其次为散居儿童（37.86%）。结论　2017—2023年甘肃省内脏利什曼病疫情总体呈下降趋势，但流行范围扩大、防控形势仍然严峻；需加强犬只监测、强化健康教育、提升专业技术人员能力建设，以控制内脏利什曼病疫情回升和蔓延。

关键词: 内脏利什曼病, 犬源型内脏利什曼病, 荒漠型内脏利什曼病, 复燃, 流行特征, 甘肃省