Abstract: Tuberculosis remains one of the biggest infectious killers worldwide. Vaccine is the most satisfactory tool for prevention of TB; however, Bacillus Calmette⁃Guérin (BCG), the widely used vaccine in clinical for the prevention of TB, has limitations in protective effects. Development of novel TB vaccines is therefore of urgent need. Currently, there are 15 novel TB vaccine candidates in clinical trials, including live⁃attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines and viral⁃vectored vaccines, which open the door for the ultimate target of the End TB Strategy. This review summarizes the latest advances in the development of TB vaccines in global clinical trials, so as to provide insights into TB control.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vaccine, Clinical trial

摘要： 结核病是全球最大的传染病杀手之一，接种疫苗是预防结核病最理想的方法，但此前广泛用于预防结核病的卡介苗保护效果存在局限性，亟需开发新型结核病疫苗。目前，国内外已有包括减毒疫苗、灭活疫苗、亚单位疫苗及病毒载体疫苗等在内的15种新型结核病疫苗进入临床试验阶段，为最终实现“终结结核病流行目标”带来了曙光。本文就国内外临床在研结核病疫苗的最新研究进展作一综述，以期为后续结核病防治提供参考。

关键词: 结核病, 结核分枝杆菌, 疫苗, 临床试验