Abstract: Objective　To investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody, and to examine the correlation between the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody in Hunan Province in 2020, so as to provide insights into advanced schistosomiais control in the province. Methods　The epidemiological data of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province in 2020 were collected, including number of permanent residents in survey villages, number of advanced schistosomiasis patients, number of residents receiving serological tests and number of residents sero⁃positive for anti⁃Schistosoma antibody, and the prevalence advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody were descriptively analyzed. Village⁃based spatial distribution characteristics of prevalence advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody were identified in Hunan Province in 2020, and the correlation between the revalence advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody was examined using Spearman correlation analysis. Results　The prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis was 0 to 2.72% and the sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody was 0 to 20.25% in 1 153 schistosomiasis⁃endemic villages in Hunan Province in 2020, and spatial clusters were identified in both the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis was 0 to 2.72% (global Moran’s I = 0.416, P < 0.01) and the sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody (global Moran’s I = 0.711, P < 0.01) in Hunan Province. Local spatial autocorrelation analysis identified 98 schistosomiasis⁃endemic villages with high⁃high clusters of the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis, 134 endemic villages with high⁃high clusters of the sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody and 36 endemic villages with high⁃high clusters of both the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody in Hunan Province. In addition, spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody (rs = 0.235, P < 0.05). Conclusions　There were spatial clusters of the prevalence of advanced schistosomiasis and sero⁃prevalence of anti⁃Schistosoma antibody in Hunan Province in 2020, which were predominantly located in areas neighboring the Dongting Lake. These clusters should be given a high priority in the schistosomiasis control programs.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Advanced schistosomiasis, Prevalence, Seroprevalence, Spatial autocorrelation

摘要： 目的　分析2020年湖南省人群晚期血吸虫病患病率和血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率空间分布特征及其相关性，为湖南省晚期血吸虫病防治提供科学依据。方法　收集2020年湖南省血吸虫病疫情数据，包括调查村常住人口数、晚期血吸虫病病例数、血清学检查受检人数和血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性人数。以村为单位分析人群晚期血吸虫病患病率和血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率空间分布特征，采用Spearman秩相关评估人群晚期血吸虫病患病率和血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率间的相关性。结果　2020年，湖南省1 153个血吸虫病流行村人群晚期血吸虫病患病率为0 ~ 2.72%，血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率为0 ~ 20.25%。全局空间自相关分析发现，湖南省晚期血吸虫病患病率（全局Moran’s I = 0.416，P < 0.01）和血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率（全局Moran’s I = 0.711，P < 0.01）均存在空间聚集性；局部空间自相关分析发现，湖南省晚期血吸虫病患病率存在98个高⁃高聚集村、血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率存在134个高⁃高聚集村、36个村晚期血吸虫病患病率和血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率均存在高⁃高聚集。Spearman秩相关分析显示，居民晚期血吸虫病患病率与血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率呈正相关（rs = 0.235，P < 0.05）。结论　2020年湖南省居民晚期血吸虫病患病率与血清抗血吸虫抗体阳性率存在空间聚集性，主要分布于洞庭湖周边地区，应在现场防治工作中对聚集区域重点关注。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 晚期血吸虫病, 患病率, 血清阳性率, 空间自相关