Abstract: Arbovirus is a group of virus transmitted by blood⁃sucking arthropod bites, which infects both arthropods and vertebrates. More than 600 arboviruses have been characterized worldwide until now, including 65 highly pathogenic viruses, which pose a high threat to public health. The risk of arbovirus transmission is increasing due to climate change, international trade and urbanization. The review summarizes the discovery and distribution of emerging and reemerging arboviruses and novel arboviruses with potential pathogenic risks, and proposes responses to the arbovirus transmission risk, so as to provide insights into the research and management of arboviruses and arthropod⁃borne infectious diseases in China.

Key words: Arbovirus, Arthropod?borne infectious disease, Discovery, Distribution, Response, China

摘要： 虫媒病毒（arbovirus）是一类由吸血节肢动物叮咬传播，既能感染节肢动物、也能感染脊椎动物的病毒。全球已发现虫媒病毒600余种，其中高致病性病毒达65种，给公共卫生带来严重威胁。受气候变化、国际贸易、城市化等因素影响，虫媒病毒传播流行风险正在增加。本文总结了70年来我国新发和再现虫媒病毒和具有潜在致病风险的新虫媒病毒的发现和分布，并且对未来应对措施提出了相应建议，以期为我国虫媒病毒和虫媒传染病研究和防控提供参考。

关键词: 虫媒病毒, 虫媒传染病, 发现, 分布, 应对, 中国