Abstract: Objective　To investigate the infection and genotypes of Wolbachia in common mosquito species in Henan Province, so as to provide insights into management of mosquito⁃borne diseases. Methods　Aedes, Culex and Anopheles samples were collected from cowsheds, sheepfolds and human houses in Puyang, Nanyang City and Xuchang cities of Henan Province from July to September, 2022, and the infection of Wolbachia was detected. The 16S rDNA and wsp genes of Wolbachia were amplified and sequenced. Sequence alignment was performed using the BLAST software, and the obtained 16S rDNA gene sequence was compared with the sequence of the 16S rDNA gene in GenBank database. In addition, the phylogenetic trees were created based on 16S rDNA and wsp gene sequences using the software MEGA 11.0. Results　A total 506 female adult mosquitoes were collected from three sampling sites in Nanyang, Xuchang City and Puyang cities from July to September, 2022. The overall detection of Wolbachia was 45.1% (228/506) in mosquitoes, with a higher detection rate in A. albopictus than in Cx. pipiens pallens [97.9% (143/146) vs. 50.6% (85/168); [χ2] = 88.064, P < 0.01]. The detection of Wolbachia in Cx. pipiens pallens was higher in Xuchang City (96.8%, 62/64) than in Nanyang (15.6%, 7/45) and Puyang cities (27.1%, 16/59) ([χ2] = 89.950, P < 0.01). The homologies of obtained Wolbachia 16S rDNA and wsp gene sequences were 95.3% to 100.0% and 81.7% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis based on wsp gene sequences showed Wolbachia supergroups A and B in mosquito samples, with wAlbA and wMors strains in supergroup A and wPip and wAlbB strains in supergroup B. Wolbachia strain wAlbB infection was detected in A. albopictus in Puyang and Nanyang Cities, while Wolbachia strain wPip infection was identified in A. albopictus in Xuchang City. Wolbachia strain wAlbA infection was detected in Cx. pipiens pallens sampled from three cities, and one Cx. pipiens pallens was found to be infected with Wolbachia strain wMors in Nanyang City. Conclusions Wolbachia infection is commonly prevalent in Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens pallens from Henan Province, and Wolbachia strains wAlbB and wAlbA are predominant in Ae. albopictus, while wPip strain is predominant in Cx. pipiens pallens. This is the first report to present Wolbachia wMors strain infection in Cx. pipiens pallens in Henan Province.

Key words: Wolbachia, 16S rDNA, wsp gene, Phylogenetic analysis, Aedes albopictus, Culex pipiens pallens, Anopheles sinensis, Henan Province

摘要： 目的　了解河南省常见蚊种沃尔巴克氏体（Wolbachia）感染率及基因型别，为蚊媒病防控提供参考。方法　 2022年7—9月，在河南省濮阳市、南阳市和许昌市牛棚、羊圈和民房等生境中采集伊蚊、库蚊和按蚊样本，检测沃尔巴克氏体感染。分别扩增沃尔巴克氏体16S rDNA和wsp基因并测序，在NCBI数据中使用BLAST软件进行同源性比对。将所获16S rDNA基因序列与GenBank数据库中16S rDNA基因序列进行比较，采用MEGA 11.0软件构建16S rDNA和wsp基因进化树。结果　2022年7—9月，在南阳市、许昌市和濮阳市3个采样点累计采集506只雌性成蚊，沃尔巴克氏体总检出率为45.1%，其中白纹伊蚊感染率为97.9%（143/146），高于淡色库蚊（50.6%，85/168），差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 88.064，P < 0.01）。许昌市淡色库蚊沃尔巴克氏体感染率为96. 8%（62/64），高于南阳市（15.6%，7/45）和濮阳市（27.1%，16/59），差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 89.950，P < 0.01）。蚊虫沃尔巴克氏体16S rDNA基因所得序列同源性为95.3% ~ 100.0%，wsp基因所得序列同源性为81.7% ~ 99.8%。经wsp基因系统进化分析发现，3个采样点蚊虫体内沃尔巴克氏体存在A组和B组，其中A组分为wAlbA型和wMors型、B组分为wPip型和wAlbB型。濮阳市和南阳市白纹伊蚊感染wAlbB型沃尔巴克氏体、许昌市白纹伊蚊感染wAlbA型；3个采样点淡色库蚊均感染wPip型，南阳市发现1只淡色库蚊感染wMors型。 结论　河南省白纹伊蚊、淡色库蚊普遍携带沃尔巴克氏体，其中白纹伊蚊主要感染wAlbB型和wAlbA型，淡色库蚊主要感染wPip型。河南省首次发现淡色库蚊体内感染沃尔巴克氏体wMors型。 　

关键词: 沃尔巴克氏体, 16S rDNA, wsp基因, 系统进化分析, 白纹伊蚊, 淡色库蚊, 中华按蚊, 河南省