Abstract: Objective　To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide insights into the development of targeted control measures against soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis. Methods　Permanent residents at ages of 3 years and older were sampled in Ningbo City using a multi⁃stage sampling method each year during the period from 2016 to 2021. Soil⁃transmitted nematode eggs were detected in stool samples using a modified Kato⁃Katz thick smear method (two slides for each stool sample), and Enterobius vermicularis eggs were additionally identified among children at ages of 3 to 12 years using the adhesive cellophane⁃tape perianal swab method. The time⁃ and regions⁃specific prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections was calculated, and the factors affecting hookworm infections were identified using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results　A total of 11 573 person⁃times were detected for soil⁃transmitted nematode infections in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2021, and 296 egg⁃positives were detected, with a mean prevalence rate of 2.56% [95% confidential interval (CI): (2.28%, 2.87%)]. Hookworm was the predominant species of soil⁃transmitted nematode among egg⁃positives in Ningbo City (98.31%, 291/296）, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of hookworm infections among years ([χ2] = 190.27, P < 0.01). The highest prevalence of hookworm infections was observed in Ninghai County (4.06%), and there was a region⁃specific prevalence rate of hookworm infection in Ningbo City ([χ2] = 148.43, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elderly residents at ages of over 60 years [odds ratio (OR)= 1.94, 95% CI: (1.07, 3.54), P < 0.05］, males [OR = 2.19, 95% CI: (1.72, 2.80), P < 0.01], farmers [OR = 6.94, 95% CI: (3.37, 14.29), P < 0.01] and residents with a low education level [illiteracy or semi⁃illiterate: OR = 3.82, 95% CI: (1.56, 9.35), P < 0.05; primary school: OR = 2.70，95% CI: (1.11, 6.59), P < 0.05] were at a higher risk for hookworm infections. Conclusions　The overall prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections was low among residents in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2021. The surveillance and health education for human hookworm disease remain to be reinforced among male farmers with a low education level at ages of over 60 years in Ninghai County.

Key words: Soil?transmitted nematodiasis, Hookworm disease, Surveillance, Influencing factor, Ningbo City

摘要： 目的　了解2016—2021年宁波市居民土源性线虫病流行状况及其影响因素，为制定有针对性的土源性线虫病防治措施提供参考依据。方法　2016—2021年每年采用多阶段抽样法抽取宁波市辖区内≥ 3周岁常住居民作为监测对象，采用改良加藤厚涂片法（1粪2检）检测粪便中土源性线虫虫卵，同时在3 ~ 12岁儿童中应用透明胶纸肛拭子法检测蛲虫卵。比较不同年份、不同地区居民土源性线虫感染率，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析居民钩虫感染影响因素。结果　2016—2021年，宁波市累计开展土源性线虫病监测11 573人·次，检出土源性线虫感染者296例，平均感染率为2.56%［95%可信区间（CI）：（2.28%，2.87%）］。感染者中，钩虫感染占98.31%（291/296），2016—2021年宁波市居民钩虫感染率差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 190.27，P < 0.01）。宁海县钩虫感染率最高（4.06%），不同地区居民钩虫感染率差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 148.43，P < 0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，60岁以上老年人［比值比（OR）= 1.94，95% CI：（1.07，3.54），P < 0.05］、男性［OR = 2.19，95% CI：（1.72，2.80），P < 0.01］、农民［OR = 6.94，95% CI：（3.37，14.29），P < 0.01］及低学历人群［文盲或半文盲：OR = 3.82，95% CI：（1.56，9.35），P < 0.05；小学：OR = 2.70，95% CI：（1.11，6.59），P < 0.05］均为钩虫感染高危人群。结论　2016—2021年宁波市居民土源性线虫感染率总体较低，后续应有针对性加强宁海县60岁以上低学历男性农民钩虫病监测与健康教育工作。

关键词: 土源性线虫病, 钩虫病, 监测, 影响因素, 宁波市