Abstract: Objective　To screen the targets of traditional Chinese medicine⁃derived potential plant molluscicides based on network pharmacology and explore the mechanisms of molluscicidal actions. Methods　The traditional Chinese medicines with molluscicidal actions were screened based on retrospective literature reviews, and their molluscicidal efficiency was summarized. The active ingredients and potential targets of traditional Chinese medicines were captured from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Unified Protein Database and literature mining using network pharmacology. The drug⁃active ingredient⁃target network was created using the software Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the key targets were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis using the Metascape software. Results　A total of 27 types of snail control drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicines were screened from publications and classified into 14 categories. Network pharmacology identified 190 active ingredients, and the active ingredients with a high degree in the drug⁃active ingredient⁃target network included quercetin, linoleyl acetate, luteolin, beta⁃carotene, (24S)⁃ethylcholesta⁃5,22,25⁃trans⁃3beta⁃ol, fumarine and arctiin, with 181 corresponding potential targets screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these targets were mainly located in 16 pathways, including the neuroactive ligand⁃receptor interactions, regulation of adipocyte lipolysis and adrenergic signal in myocardial cells. Conclusions　This study preliminarily demonstrates the multi⁃ingredient, multi⁃target and multi⁃pathway mechanisms of action of 27 molluscicides. The screened key ingredient may provide the basis for isolation, purification and pharmacological studies of molluscicides, and the screened key targets and key pathways may facilitate the illustration of mechanisms of actions of traditional Chinese medicine⁃derived molluscicides and development of novel green molluscicides.

Key words: Oncomelania hupensis, Pomacea, Molluscicide, Traditional Chinese medicine, Network pharmacology

摘要： 目的　基于网络药理学筛选中药来源潜在植物灭螺药相关靶点，并探索其灭螺机制。方法　通过回顾性文献分析筛选具有灭螺活性的中药并对其灭螺效果进行综合梳理，基于网络药理学方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台、UniProt数据库和文献挖掘获得各类中药活性成分及相应潜在靶点。采用Cytoscape 3.7.2构建药物⁃活性成分⁃相关靶点网络图，利用Metascape数据库对关键靶点进行京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析。结果　文献分析中共筛选出27种中药来源灭螺药物，归为14类。网络药理学分析获得活性成分190种，药物⁃活性成分⁃相关靶点网络中贡献度较高的活性成分包括槲皮素、乙酸亚油醇、木犀草素、β⁃胡萝卜素、(24S)⁃乙基胆甾⁃5,22,25⁃反⁃3β⁃醇、原阿片碱、牛蒡子苷等；筛选出相应潜在靶点181个，KEGG通路富集分析发现这些靶点主要定位于神经活性配体⁃受体相互作用、脂肪细胞脂解调控、心肌细胞的肾上腺素能信号等16条通路。结论　本研究初步展示了27种灭螺药物的多成分、多靶点、多通路作用机制，筛选的关键组分可望为后续灭螺药物分离、纯化及药理研究奠定基础，筛选的关键靶点和关键通路可望为中药源灭螺药机制阐明和绿色灭螺新药开发提供帮助。

关键词: 湖北钉螺, 福寿螺, 灭螺药物, 中药, 网络药理学