Abstract: Objective　To analyze the quality of malaria blood smears from fever patients in Zibo City from 2011 to 2018, so as to provide the scientific evidence for the development of the malaria post?elimination surveillance strategy. Methods　All negative malaria blood smears from fever patients reexamined in the municipal microscopic examination station and all positive blood smears in Zibo City during the period from 2011 to 2018 were reexamined, and the blood smear preparation, dyeing, cleanliness and reexamination results were analyzed. Results　A total of 2 141 negative malaria blood smears and 39 positive blood smears were re?reviewed by the municipal microscopic examination station of Zibo City from 2011 to 2018, with a 99.44% qualification rate of negative blood smears preparation, a 97.62% qualification rate of dyeing, a 93.65% qualification rate of cleanliness, and a 100% consistence with the re?review, and no missing diagnosis was found. A total of 39 positive blood smears were re?reviewed, with a 46.15% qualification rate of blood smears preparation, a 61.54% qualification rate of dyeing, a 76.92% qualification rate of cleanliness, and a 97.44% consistence with the re?review, and a blood smear mistaking the Plasmodium species was found. There were significant differences in the qualification rate of blood smears preparation and dyeing among all districts (counties) in Zibo City (all P values < 0.05), and no significant difference was detected in the qualification rate of blood smear cleanliness ( [χ2] = 13.72, P > 0.05), while significant differences were seen in the qualification rate of blood smears preparation, dyeing and cleanliness each year from 2011 to 2018 (all P values < 0.05). Conclusion　The quality of malaria blood smears is high in all districts of Zibo City; however, the quality of city?level blood smears remains to be improved. Further actions to improve the training of grassroots microscopic examinations and quality control of malaria blood smears are required to ensure the capability of microscopic examinations of Plasmodium during the malaria post?elimination stage.

Key words: Malaria, Fever patients, Blood smear, Quality control, Zibo City

摘要： 目的　分析山东省淄博市“三热”病人疟原虫血片质量，为制订和调整该市消除疟疾后监测策略和措施提供科学依据。方法　对2011—2018年淄博市市级镜检站复核的全部“三热”病人疟原虫阴性血片和辖区内全部阳性血片进行复核，对血片制作、染色、清洁度以及复核结果进行分析。结果　2011—2018年淄博市市级镜检站共复核疟原虫阴性血片2 141张，阳性血片39张。阴性血片制片合格率为99.44%，染色合格率为97.62%，清洁度合格率为93.65%，复核一致率为100%，未发现漏检；复核阳性血片39张，血片制片合格率为46.15%，染色合格率为61.54%，清洁度合格率为76.92%，复核一致率为97.44%，其中虫种分型错误1张。淄博市各区（县）血片制作合格率和染色合格率差异均有统计学意义（P值均 ＜ 0.05），血片清洁度合格率差异无统计学意义（[χ2] = 13.72，P > 0.05）；2011—2018年淄博市各年度血片制作、染色和清洁度合格率差异均有统计学意义（P值均＜ 0.05）。结论　淄博市各区（县）血片质量较高，但市级血片质量有待提高。今后应进一步加强基层疟原虫镜检培训力度和血涂片质量控制，促进血片质量不断提高，以保证疟疾消除后监测阶段疟原虫镜检能力

关键词: 疟疾, 发热患者, 血涂片, 质量控制, 淄博市