Abstract: Many factors are reported to be involved in regulating the immunopathogenesis of schistosome infection. CD4+ T cell is one of the key players in the regulation of the liver granuloma formation by differentiation into different effector subsets including T helper （Th） 1， Th2， Th17， and T regulatory cells （Treg cells）. Treg cells play an important suppressive role in immunopathology control and favor the pathogen to escape from the host immune assault. The functional activity of Tregs has been related to some autoimmune diseases including asthma and inflammatory bowel disease， which suggests that the manipulation of Tregs to restore their numbers and function may be therapeutic. However， interleukin?17 （IL?17） is a pro?inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory and infectious conditions， including schistosomiasis. Therefore， a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of these immune regulations is necessary for the better control of pathology in schistosomiasis. In this paper， we review the Treg/Th17 balance and the immunology of schistosome infection.

Key words: Schistosome； Treg/Th17 balance； Immunopathology； Immune regulation

摘要： 血吸虫感染可诱导调节性T细胞（Treg）和Th17型免疫反应。研究表明，Treg和Th17细胞及其平衡在血吸虫感染中具有非常重要的作用。Treg细胞抑制宿主体内过度病理反应，并有助于血吸虫逃避宿主的免疫攻击；而Th17细胞促进血吸虫感染过程中的免疫病理发展。本文就Treg/Th17平衡与血吸虫感染免疫关系的研究进展作一综述。

关键词: 血吸虫；Treg/Th17平衡；免疫病理；免疫调节