Abstract:

Objective To observe the molluscicidal effect of a novel molluscicide, salt of quinoid-2’, 5-dichloro-4’-nitrosalicylanilide (LDS) on Oncomelania hupensis in laboratory and field of mountainous areas of Yunnan Province. Methods With the immersion method, 10% LDS with concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 mg/L was tested, and 50% niclosamide (WPN) with the concentration of 2 mg/L as well as fresh water were tested as the controls. The molluscicidal effects of 24, 48, 72 h were observed in lab and the field. With the insufflation method and powdering method, 10% LDS with doses of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 g/m2 was tested and 50% WPN with the dose of 2 g/m2 as well as fresh water were tested as the controls. The molluscicidal effects of 1, 3, 7 days were observed in lab and the field. Results At the room temperature of 25-26℃ and water temperature of 21-22℃, when exposed for 72 h by the immersion method, the snail death rates of above-mentioned five concentrations of LDS and WPN as well as fresh water were 93.33%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00％ and 6.67％ respectively in lab. At the field temperature of 18-28℃ and water temperature of 18-21℃, when exposed for 72 h by the immersion method, the snail death rates of above-mentioned five concentrations of LDS and WPN as well as fresh water were 91.11%,100.00%,100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00％ and 3.33％ respectively in the field. When exposed for 7 d by the insufflation method, the snail death rates of above-mentioned five dosages of LDS and WPN as well as fresh water were 90.00%, 94.00%, 96.00% 99.00%, 99.00%, 94.00％ and 6.00％ respectively in lab and 80.00%, 82.14%, 88.35%, 90.83%, 96.55%, 92.56％ and 4.55％ respectively in the field. When exposed for 7 d by the powdering method, the snail death rates were 74.77%, 88.89%, 94.50%, 90.38%, 92.17%, 90.38％ and 455％ respectively in the field. Conclusion LDS has a good molluscicidal effect on Oncomelania hupensis.

Key words: Salt of quinoid-2’, 5-dichloro-4’-nitrosalicylanilide (LDS), Molluscicidal effect, Mountainous area, Yunnan Province

摘要：

目的 观察新型灭螺药氯代水杨胺在云南省山区的灭螺效果。 方法 采用浸杀法将10%氯代水杨胺可湿性粉剂(LDS)配制成0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8 mg/L，同时设50％氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN) 2 mg/L和清水对照组，观察两种药物实验室和现场浸杀24、48、72 h的灭螺效果。10% LDS剂量0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 g/m2 ，同时设50％WPN 2 g/m2和清水对照组，观察两种药物实验室和现场喷洒及撒粉1、3、7 d的灭螺效果。结果 室内浸杀试验，气温25～26 ℃，水温21～22 ℃，钉螺接触药物72 h后，LDS 0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8 mg/L、WPN组和清水对照组钉螺死亡率分别为93.33%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00％和6.67％。现场浸杀试验，气温18～28 ℃，水温18～21 ℃，钉螺接触药物72 h后，各组钉螺死亡率分别为91.11%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00%、100.00％和3.33％。室内喷洒灭螺后7 d，LDS 0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0 g/m2 组、WPN组和清水对照组钉螺死亡率分别为90.00%、94.00%、96.00%、99.00%、99.00%、94.00％和6.00％； 现场喷洒灭螺后7 d，钉螺死亡率分别为80.00%、82.14%、88.35%、90.83%、96.55%、92.56％和4.55％，现场撒粉灭螺后7 d，钉螺死亡率分别为74.77%、88.89%、94.50%、90.38%、92.17%、90.38％和4.55％。结论10%氯代水杨胺可湿性粉剂在山丘型地区具有较好的灭螺效果。

关键词: 氯代水杨胺, 杀螺效果, 山丘型, 云南省