Abstract: Tropical diseases, notably neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty, remain major health problems endangering the poorest and most⁃marginalized people in the world. The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), which is co⁃sponsored by the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank, is an important programme that helps facilitate, support, guide and coordinate global efforts to combat tropical diseases. On July 2023, TDR formally issued its 2024—2029 Strategy, which proposed the direction and proprieties of global tropical disease prevention and control in the next six years. Based on its original focus on supporting researchers and research institutions from low⁃ and middle⁃income countries to conduct research on tropical diseases and building their research capabilities, this strategy proposed some new developments, which mainly included incorporating tropical disease prevention and control into the overall framework of addressing major global health challenges and achieving the health goals set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to combat tropical diseases and contribute to achieving health goals of SDGs in a collaborative and integrated manner; supporting implementation research and encouraging practitioners and social innovators to participate in research to enable generation of solutions that may be used to solve local health problems; promoting and encouraging the One Health concept and interdisciplinary and cross⁃departmental collaboration; shifting gradually its focus from disease prevention and control to addressing the health needs of the poorest and most⁃marginalized populations. These new developments deserve the attention of personnel and institutions in China dedicated to the prevention and control of tropical diseases in order to help their future researches and activities.

Key words: Tropical disease, Strategic plan, Implementation research, One Health

摘要： 热带病，特别是被忽视的热带病和贫困所致传染病仍然是危害世界上最贫困和最边缘人群的主要健康问题。热带病研究和培训特别规划署（Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases，TDR）是由世界卫生组织、联合国儿童基金会、联合国开发计划署、世界银行联合建立的一个推动、支持、指导和协调全球热带病防控的重要机构。2023年7月，TDR正式发布其2024—2029年战略规划，为未来6年全球热带病防控工作明确了方向和工作重点。该战略规划在坚持原有工作重点，即继续支持中、低收入国家研究者和研究机构开展热带病防控研究和培养其研究能力的基础上，有了一些新的发展方向，主要包括：① 将热带病防治纳入应对全球主要健康挑战和实现联合国可持续发展健康目标的大框架内，以便以协同和整合的方式在防控热带病的同时对实现联合国可持续发展健康目标和应对全球健康挑战做出贡献；② 以支持实施性研究为主，鼓励实践者和社会创新者参与研究，以寻找可用于解决当地实际健康问题的对策；③ 推动和鼓励采用全健康理念以及多学科、跨部门合作；④ 将工作重点逐渐从防控疾病为主转移到关注最贫困、最边缘人群的健康需求。这些新的发展方向值得国内致力于热带病研究与防控实践的人员和机构关注，以便对未来研究和实践工作有所裨益。

关键词: 热带病, 战略规划, 实施性研究, 全健康