2018—2024年上海市宝山区白纹伊蚊密度监测

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的　了解2018—2024年上海市宝山区不同区域及不同生境白纹伊蚊密度变化情况，为该区蚊媒传染病防控提供科学依据。方法　2018—2024年，在上海市宝山区12个街道（镇）设置白纹伊蚊监测点，于每年5—10月伊蚊活动高峰期在各监测点每周开展1次白纹伊蚊密度监测。各监测点按不同地理方位，选择居民区、学校、机关单位、医院、废品收购站、建筑工地及其他外环境等生境布放诱蚊诱卵器，定期回收并计算诱蚊诱卵指数（mosquito ovitrap index，MOI），根据MOI值，分析宝山区不同年份、不同区域、不同生境白纹伊蚊密度变化情况。此外，2018—2024年5—10月对上海市宝山区各街道（镇）每月均开展1次白纹伊蚊密度风险评估。结果　2018—2024年宝山区白纹伊蚊MOI值分别为5.88 ± 2.29、8.19 ± 4.46、7.43 ± 3.40、5.44 ± 2.52、3.97 ± 2.72、3.82 ± 1.57和2.56 ± 1.11，差异有统计学意义（F = 75.886，P < 0.05）；各年MOI值均呈先上升后下降的周期性波动，并均于6—8月达峰值。2018—2024年各街道（镇）白纹伊蚊平均MOI值差异有统计学意义（F = 26.558，P < 0.05），淞南镇（8.44 ± 4.68）、大场镇（7.71 ± 5.28）、顾村镇（7.13 ± 3.57）、月浦镇（5.74 ± 1.69）、高境镇（5.51 ± 3.44）、吴淞街道（5.41 ± 2.04）等6个街道（镇）平均MOI值均> 5。不同生境白纹伊蚊MOI值差异有统计学意义（F = 3.843，P < 0.05），其中废品收购站MOI值（9.86 ± 4.61）最高（P均< 0.05），建筑工地MOI值（4.90 ± 2.95）最低（P均< 0.05）。2018—2024年宝山区各街道（镇）每月白纹伊蚊密度风险评估结果显示，各年被判定为有传播风险的MOI频次占评估总次数的比例从2018年的54.17%（39/72）降至2024年的11.11%（8/72）；2019年被判定为有暴发风险的MOI频次最多（18次），2021年大幅回落（6次），2024年全区无暴发和流行风险。结论　2018—2024年上海市宝山区白纹伊蚊密度季节周期变化明显，峰值出现在每年6—8月；淞南镇和大场镇白纹伊蚊密度较高，不同生境中废品收购站白纹伊蚊密度较高。建议采取重点区域精准防控措施和季节性强化干预方案，以降低伊蚊媒介传染病传播风险。

关键词: 白纹伊蚊, 诱蚊诱卵指数, 生境, 监测, 上海市

Abstract: To investigate the changes in the density of Aedes albopictus across different regions and different breeding habitats in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2018 to 2024, so as to inform evidence⁃based control strategies for mosquito⁃borne infectious diseases in Shanghai Municipality. Methods　Ae. albopictus surveillance sites were deployed in 12 subdistricts (towns) of Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2018 to 2024, and the surveillance on the density of Ae. albopictus was performed in each surveillance site once weekly during the peak activity period of Aedes mosquitoes from May to October each year from 2018 to 2024. Mosquito ovitraps were deployed in various breeding habitats in each surveillance site according to geographical locations, including residential areas, schools, government institutions, hospitals, recycling stations, and construction sites, and regularly collected, and the mosquito ovitrap index (MOI) was calculated. The changes in the Ae. albopictus density were analyzed based on MOI across years, regions, and breeding habitats. Additionally, from May to October each year between 2018 and 2024, monthly risk assessments of Aedes albopictus density were conducted in every subdistrict (town) of Baoshan District, Shanghai. Results　The annual mean MOI values of Ae. albopictus were 5.88 ± 2.29, 8.19 ± 4.46, 7.43 ± 3.40, 5.44 ± 2.52, 3.97 ± 2.72, 3.82 ± 1.57, and 2.56 ± 1.11 in Baoshan District from 2018 to 2024, respectively (F = 75.886, P < 0.05), and the MOI appeared a rise followed by a reduction each year and peaked during the period between June and August. There was a significant difference in the 7⁃year mean MOI of Ae. albopictus across the 12 subdistricts/towns (F = 26.558, P < 0.05), and there were 6 subdistricts/towns with a 7⁃year mean MOI of over 5, including Songnan Town (8.44 ± 4.68), Dachang Town (7.71 ± 5.28), Gucun Town (7.13 ± 3.57), Yuepu Town (5.74 ± 1.69), Gaojing Town (5.51 ± 3.44), and Wusong Subdistrict (5.41 ± 2.04). There was a significant difference in the MOI of Ae. albopictus across breeding habitats (F = 3.843, P < 0.05), with the highest MOI seen in recycling stations (9.86 ± 4.61), which was significantly higher than in other habitats (P < 0.05), and the lowest seen in construction sites (4.90 ± 2.95), which was significantly lower than in other habitats (P < 0.05). The proportion of frequency with Ae. albopictus density transmission risk decreased from 54.17% in 2018 to 11.11% in 2024 in all subdistricts (towns) of Baoshan District, and the frequency of outbreak risks peaked in 2019 (18 instances) and declined substantially in 2021 (6 instances), with no records of outbreak or transmission risk documented across the district in 2024. Conclusions　There were substantial seasonal variations in the Ae. albopictus density in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2018 to 2024. The Ae. albopictus density peaked during the period between June and August in Baoshan District each year from 2018 to 2024, with a relatively higher density in Songnan Town and Dachang Town, and in recycling stations. Precision control measures and intensified seasonal interventions are recommended in high⁃risk settings in Baoshan District to reduce the transmission risk of Aedes⁃borne infectious diseases.

Key words: Aedes albopictus, Mosquito ovitrap index, Breeding habitat, Surveillance, Shanghai Municipality

中图分类号:

R384.1

王海健, 杨迎宇, 孙春卫, 何苗苗, 张奕. 2018—2024年上海市宝山区白纹伊蚊密度监测[J]. 中国血吸虫病防治杂志（中英文）, 2026, 38(2): 207-212.

WANG Haijian, YANG Yingyu, SUN Chunwei, HE Miaomiao, ZHANG Yi. Surveillance on the density of Aedes albopictus in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2018 to 2024#br#[J]. Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control, 2026, 38(2): 207-212.

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2018—2024年上海市宝山区白纹伊蚊密度监测

Surveillance on the density of Aedes albopictus in Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2018 to 2024#br#

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