关键词: 血吸虫病, 野鼠, 监测, 云南省

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild murines in schistosomiasis⁃endemic areas of Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for improving the schistosomiasis surveillance and early warning capability and  implementing precise interventions in the province. Methods　A total of 56 natural villages were sampled from 14 schistosomiasis⁃endemic counties (cities, districts) in Yunnan Province as surveillance sites from 2024 to 2025. Wild murines were captured using traps at night and characterized for species. Liver samples were collected from wild murines, S. japonicum eggs and miracidia were simultaneously detected using liver tissue compression microscopy, liver tissue homogenate microscopy, and liver tissue homogenate hatching. In addition, stool samples were collected from wild murine rectum, with S. japonicum eggs detected using a modified Kato⁃Katz thick smear technique and S. japonicum miracidia detected using the hatching test with nylon gauzes. Results　A total of 15 577 valid murine traps were recovered, and 891 wild murines belonging to 16 species were captured, with a capture rate of 5.72%(891/15 577). The captured wild murines were predominantly districted in paddy fields, dry lands, ditches, ponds and marshlands, with Apodemus chevrieri, Rattus norvegicus, Crocidura attenuata, R. rattus sladeni, R. flavipectus, and Eothenomys miletus as dominant species. No S. japonicum eggs or miradicia were in laboratory; however, other parasites were identified in 25 wild murines. The prevalence rates of Schistosoma sinensis, Capillaria hepatica and Hymenolepis nana were 2.24% (20/891), 0.90% (8/891) and 0.56% (5/891), and the prevalence of S. sinensis and C. hepatica co⁃infection was 0.90% (8/891), respectively. Conclusions　S. sinensis, C. hepatica and H. nana are predominant parasite species in wild murines in schistosomiasis⁃endemic areas of Yunan Province. No S. japonicum infection was detected during the study period; however, there is still a  risk of wild murines as a potential source of infection for schistosomiasis transmission. Continuous intensified surveillance of S. japonicum infections in wild murines is a critical programme in schistosomiasis surveillance and early warning in Yunnan Province.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Wild murine, Surveillance, Yunnan Province