关键词: 登革热, 流行病学特征, 暴发, 江门市

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the spatiotemporal and population distribution characteristics of dengue fever in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2024, so as to provide insights into optimization of the dengue fever control strategy. Methods　Data pertaining to dengue fever cases in Jiangmen City from 2014 to 2024 were retrieved from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including time of disease onset and current address. The temporal, regional and population distribution characteristics of dengue fever cases, as well as the interval from onset to definitive diagnosis and source of imported cases acquiring infections were analyzed. Results　A total of 1 910 dengue fever cases were reported in Jiangmen City from 2014 to 2024, with an annual mean incidence rate of 5.16/105, and including 1 862 local cases (97.49%) and 48 imported cases (2.51%). Dengue fever outbreaks occurred in 2014, from 2018 to 2019 and in 2024, appearing a periodical outbreak, and 97.12% of dengue fever cases were reported in the year of the outbreak. Dengue fever cases were primarily concentrated in Pengjiang District (649 cases), Jianghai District (511 cases) and Heshan City (348 cases), which accounted for 78.95% of totally reported cases, and 50.47% of dengue fever cases were found at ages of 35 to 65 years, with housework/unemployment (28.70%), retirees (18.40%), and laborers (12.36%) as predominant occupations. There was a significant difference in the occupational distribution between local and imported dengue fever cases ([χ2] = 23.68, P < 0.05). The median interval from disease onset to definitive diagnosis was 5 (interquartile range, 5) days among dengue fever cases in Jiangmen City from 2014 to 2024, and 77.08% (37/48) of imported dengue fever cases acquired infections in Southeast Asia. Conclusions　The epidemiological features of dengue fever are characterized by periodical outbreaks, regional clusters and high incidence among middle⁃aged and elderly populations. It is recommended to intensify vector control measures, precision interventions in high⁃risk areas, and early warning mechanisms at points of entry, and improve the early diagnostic capability among dengue fever cases.

Key words: Dengue fever, Epidemiological characteristic, Outbreak, Jiangmen City