关键词: 血吸虫病, 哨点医院, 流动人群, 监测, 湖北省

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of schistosomiasis cases in sentinel hospitals in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, so as to provide insights into schistosomiasis surveillance during the post⁃elimination stage.  Methods　Sentinel hospitals were assigned in 63 schistosomiasis⁃endemic counties (cities, districts) and 2 potential endemic counties at the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Hubei Province according to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme (2020 Edition). Floating populations were screened for schistosomiasis using immunological and parasitological tests, and the differences in the seroprevalence and prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections were compared among floating populations with different characteristics. The Sankey map of the monitored populations flow was created online using dycharts.  Results　　　The number of sentinel hospitals increased from 166 in 2020 to 288 in 2024 in Hubei Province, and sentinel hospitals were mainly distributed in Shashi District (27), Xiantao City (32), Zhongxiang City (32), and Hanchuan City (37), and relatively fewer in Jingzhou District (22), Honghu City (22), Jiangling County (21), and Shishou City (17). A total of 74 009 floating populations were monitored for schistosomiasis in sentinel hospitals in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, with 222 clinically diagnosis cases found; however, no cases with confirmed diagnosis were recorded. The cumulative seroprevalence of human schistosomiasis was 0.30%, and the seroprevalence varied greatly among floating populations in terms of monitoring methods ([χ2] = 74.112, P < 0.001), occupations ([χ2] = 74.588, P < 0.001), and age groups ([χ2] = 42.237, P < 0.001). The number of populations monitored in sentinel hospitals peaked during the period from October to December, accounting for 94.26% (69 759/74 009) of total populations monitored during the 5⁃year period. In schistosomiasis transmission interrupted counties (districts), high seroprevalence of human schistosomiasis was detected in Jingzhou Development District, Gong'an County, Shashi District, Yangxin County and Qujialing Administration District, while in schistosomiasis⁃eliminated counties (districts), high prevalence was seen in Tongshan County and Yiling District. There were 66.86% (49 485/74 009) of the monitored populations that migrated within schistosomiasis⁃endemic counties (cities, districts) in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, and 19.25% (14 244/74 009) migrated into Hubei Province from other provinces, including 49.44% (7 042/14 244) from schistosomiasis⁃endemic provinces, with Hunan Province, Sichuan Province, Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province and Jiangsu Province as predominant provinces of origin, while 13.89% (10 280/74 009) moved out of Hubei Province to other provinces, including 81.60% (8 388/10 280) into schistosomiasis⁃endemic provinces, with Guangdong Province, Zhejiang Province, Jiangxi Province, Jiangsu Province and Hunan Province as predominant destination provinces. Among the 222 clinically diagnosed schistosomiasis cases, there were 8 cases introduced to Hubei Province from other provinces and 75 cases moved out of Hubei Province to other provinces. Conclusions　The prevalence of schistosomiasis was extremely low among floating populations in Hubei Province from 2020 to 2024, and sentinel hospitals played a vital role in surveillance of human schistosomiasis among floating populations. Improved health education is recommended among migrant labors from schistosomiasis non⁃endemic provinces, and intensified management and improved sensitivity of schistosomiasis surveillance are required among floating populations in Hubei Province.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Sentinel hospital, Floating population, Surveillance, Hubei Province