中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 325-331.

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疟原虫免疫逃逸机制研究进展

吴钰煌1△,贺靓1△,曹兴行2,李君桐1,沈舒楚1,杜幼芹1*,谭超3*   

  1. 1 肿瘤微环境与免疫治疗湖北省重点实验室、湖北省宜昌市感染与炎症损伤重点实验室、三峡大学基础医学院(湖北 宜昌 443002);2 三峡大学科技学院;3 三峡大学第一临床医学院(湖北 宜昌 443001)
  • 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 杜幼芹 duyouqin@ctgu.edu.cn;谭超 yczxyytanchao@sina.com
  • 作者简介:吴钰煌,男,本科生。研究方向:抗感染病原靶标研究 贺靓,女,硕士研究生。研究方向:病原微生物与分子药理学
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省自然科学基金创新发展联合基金(2024AFD132);天然产物研究与利用湖北省重点实验室(三峡大学)开放课题(NPRD⁃2018009);宜昌市医疗卫生计划项目(A19⁃301⁃15)

Progress of researches on mechanisms underlying immune escape of Plasmodium

WU Yuhuang1△, HE Jing1△, CAO Xinghang2, LI Juntong1, SHEN Shuchu1, DU Youqin1*, TAN Chao3*   

  1. 1 Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Yichang Key Laboratory of Infection and Inflammation, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; 2 College of Science and Technology, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province, China; 3 The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443001, China
  • Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-15

摘要: 疟疾是一种由疟原虫感染引起的寄生虫病,主要通过按蚊叮咬传播,是当前严重威胁人类生命健康的重大公共卫生挑战之一。疟原虫为逃避宿主免疫系统的识别和清除,进化出多变的免疫逃逸策略,给疟疾防控工作带来了挑战。本文综述了疟原虫抗原变异、表观遗传调控、拮抗IgM抗体、激活环磷酸鸟苷⁃腺苷酸合成酶(cyclic GMP⁃AMP synthase,cGAS)⁃干扰素刺激基因(stimulator of interferon genes,STING)信号通路、抑制脾脏免疫功能和分子伪装等免疫逃逸机制的研究进展,旨在为疟疾疫苗和抗疟药物研发以及疟疾防治策略制定提供参考。

关键词: 疟原虫, 免疫逃逸, 抗原, 表观遗传调控

Abstract: Malaria, a parasitic disease caused by infection with the species of Plasmodium and transmitted by Anopheles mosquito bites, is one of the major public health challenges that seriously threaten human health. Malaria parasites present diverse immune escape strategies to escape from the recognition and clearance of the host immune system, which poses a great challenge to the malaria control programme. This review presents the advances in the mechanisms underlying the immune escape of Plasmodium, including antigenic variation, epigenetic regulation, antagonism against IgM antibody, activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate⁃adenosine monophosphate (GMP⁃AMP) synthase⁃stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS⁃STING) signaling, suppression of splenic immune functions, and molecular camouflage, so as to provide insights into development of malaria vaccines and antimalarial agents and formulation of the malaria control strategy. 

Key words: Plasmodium, Immune escape, Antigen, Epigenetic modification

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