关键词: 埃及血吸虫病；病理特征；吡喹酮；血吸虫卵；毛蚴

Abstract: Objective To report the diagnosis and treatment of an imported case of schistosomiasis haematobium， including the pathological features of the disease and therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel. Methods The data of the patient with schistosomiasis haematobium were collected， and the pathological features of the bladder tissue were observed under a microscope. Moreover， the patient was treated with praziquantel， and his urine was collected before and after the treatment. The eggs in the urine were examined by a microscope after sediment and the miracidia were hatched. Results The patient once worked in Angola for three months， and after returning home he had the symptoms of intermittent painless terminal hematuresis. It was ineffective after anti?inflammatory treatment in a number of hospitals. There were no sand spots discovered under the cystoscope. However， the inflammatory reaction to parasite with a lot of eosinophils infiltration in the bladder mucosa was found on the pathological sections under a microscope， and the egg structure was observed with individual characteristics. The eggs were detected in the urine and the miracidia were hatched before the praziquantel treatment. The hematuria symptoms disappeared after the praziquantel treatment. The eggs were still detected in the urine 7 days post?treatment， but the miracidium could not be hatched. One month and 6 months post?treatment， the eggs were not detected in the urine. Conclusions The imported cases of schistosomiasis haematobium are often misdiagnosed， and therefore， it is necessary to strength the health education to the workers overseas and also to improve the ability of diagnosis in medical staff. For the case reported in this paper， there are typical structure of Schistosoma haematobium eggs and egg?granulomas on the pathological sections of bladder tissues. Praziquantel has satisfactory treatment results.

Key words: Schistosomiasis haematobium； Pathological feature； Praziquantel； Schistosome egg； Miracidium