关键词: 钉螺, 环境清障, 药物灭螺, 机械自动化, 江苏省

Abstract:

Objective Objective To develop a machine simultaneously integrating mechanized environmental cleaning and automatic mollusciciding and to evaluate its effectiveness of field application，so as to provide a novel Oncomelania hupensis snail control technique in the large?scale marshlands. Methods Methods The machine simultaneously integrating mechanized environmental clean? ing and automatic mollusciciding，which was suitable for use in complex marshland areas，was developed according to the mech? anization and automation principles，and was used for O. hupensis snail control in the marshland. The effect of the machine on environmental cleaning and plough was evaluated，and the distribution of living snails was observed at various soil layers following plough. The snail control effects of plough alone and plough followed by mollusciciding were compared. Results Results The ma? chine could simultaneously complete the procedures of getting vegetation down and cut vegetation into pieces，plough and snail control by spraying niclosamide. After plough，the constituent ratios of living snails were 36.31%，25.60%，22.62% and 15.48% in the soil layers at depths of 0-5，6-10，11-15 cm and 16-20 cm respectively，and 61.91% living snails were found in the 0-10 cm soil layers. Seven and fifteen days after the experiment，the mortality rates of snails were 9.38% and 8.29% in the plough alone group，and 63.04% and 80.70% in the plough + mollusciciding group respectively（c2 7 d = 42.74，c2 15 d = 155.56，both P values < 0.01） . Thirty days after the experiment，the densities of snails were 3.02 snails/0.1 m2 and 0.53 snails/ 0.1 m2 in the soil surface of the plough alone group and the plough + mollusciciding group，which decreased by 64.92% and 93.60%，respectively，and the decrease rate of snail density was approximately 30% higher in the plough + mollusciciding group than that in the plough alone group. Conclusions Conclusions The machine simultaneously integrating mechanized environmental cleaning and automatic mollusciciding achieves the integration of mechanical environmental cleaning and automatic niclosamide spraying in the complex marshland areas，which provides a novel technique of field snail control in the large?scale setting in Chi? na.

Key words: Oncomelania hupensis snail, Environmental cleaning, Mollusciciding, Mechanical automation, Jiangsu Prov? ince