Abstract: Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) is a type of bead⁃like, fibrous and reticular substances that is actively released by activated inflammatory neutrophils during the stage of infections or inflammatory responses. NET, which is composed of chromatin DNA and multiple intracellular protein components, may wrap pathogens to limit their diffusions. Meanwhile, NET may kill pathogens via a wide range of antibacterial proteins, which is considered as the third antibacterial mechanism of neutrophils, in addition to phagocytosis and degranulation. Recent studies have shown the involvement of NET in the immune response against parasitic infections. This review summarizes the advances of NETs in the immune responses against parasitic infections, so as to provide insights into the elucidation of the pathogenesis and development of therapeutics of parasitic diseases.

Key words: Parasite, Neutrophil, Extracellular trap net, Immune response

摘要： 中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs）是活化的炎性中性粒细胞在感染或炎症应答期主动释放的一种串珠样纤维网状物质，由染色质DNA和多种胞内蛋白成分组成，可通过缠绕致病菌限制其扩散，同时通过各种抗菌蛋白杀伤致病菌，被认为是中性粒细胞除吞噬和脱颗粒作用外的第三种杀菌机制。近年研究显示，NETs也参与抗寄生虫免疫过程。本文就NETs在抗寄生虫免疫中作用的研究进展作一综述，以期为寄生虫病发病机制研究以及相关治疗药物开发提供参考。

关键词: 寄生虫, 中性粒细胞, 胞外诱捕网, 免疫反应