Abstract:

Objective To understand the potential risks of Oncomelania hupensis diffusion and schistosomiasis transmission
in the Grand Canal west water diversion route of the eastern route project of the South?to?North Water Diversion Project. Meth?
ods The engineering layout from Nanyun west floodgate to Hongze Lake，the aquaculture along Hongze Lake，and the data of hy?
drology and transferred water were investigated. The investigations on Oncomelania hupensis and schistosomiasis were carried out
in the surveillance sites of Jinbao Channel and Hongze Lake. The possibilities of snail spreading and schistosomiasis transmission
were researched. Results Oncomelania snails lacked their breeding environment and ecological condition in the Hongze Lake re?
gion. The engineering facilities of the Jinhu and Hongze pumping stations went against the snail spreading. The water levels at all
steps decreased gradually from Hongze Lake to Jinbao Channel. Therefore，the pumping stations were necessary when the water
transferred to Hongze Lake. The multi?year average diverted water volume reached 2.558 billion cubic meters a year in the Jinbao
Channel. Of the total diverted water volume，there was 75% of the volume in drought years. The Oncomelania snails were not found
in the surveillance sites of the Jinbao Channel and the Hongze Lake region from 2008 to 2011. A total of 3 088 residents were exam?
ined with the serology tests and the positive rate was 0.29% in 2008. Totally 4 758 overwater flow people were examined with the
serology tests and the positive rate was 2.42% from 2008 to 2011. The serum positive rate was higher in the overwater flow people
than that in the residents（ χ2 = 0.083，P < 0.01）. The stool examinations were all negative in the above mentioned serum positive people. Conclusions The Hongze Lake area has still no Oncomelania snail breeding and schistosomiasis endemic so far.
There are also no schistosomiasis re?prevalent signs in the Jinbao Channel area where schistosomiasis was once prevalent.
The Oncomelania snail breeding and diffusion，and schistosomiasis endemic are unlikely to appear in the Grand Canal west
water diversion route of the eastern route project of the South?to?North Water Diversion and Hongze Lake area.·

摘要：

目的了解南水北调东线工程运西线及洪泽湖区钉螺扩散和血吸虫病传播的潜在风险。方法调查南运西闸
至洪泽湖工程布置、洪泽湖沿岸水产养殖、有关水文和调水量等情况，选择金宝航道及洪泽湖监测点开展钉螺和人群血吸
虫病监测调查。分析东线工程运西线及洪泽湖区钉螺扩散和血吸虫病传播的可能性。结果洪泽湖区缺乏钉螺孳生环
境和生态条件；金湖站和洪泽站工程设施不利于钉螺扩散；洪泽湖至金宝航道各级水位呈递降变化，向洪泽湖调水需通过
泵站提水。按多年平均计，金宝航道段全年调水量为25.58亿m3，其中枯水期约占75%。2008-2011年金宝航道及洪泽湖
区开展钉螺监测调查均未发现钉螺。2008年血清学筛查居民3 088人，血清阳性率为0.29%；2008-2011年血清学筛查水
上流动人群4 758人，血清阳性率为2.42%，水上流动人群血清学阳性率明显高于居民（ χ2 = 0.083，P < 0.01）。血清阳性者
粪检均为阴性。结论洪泽湖区至今仍无钉螺孳生和血吸虫病流行，历史上流行血吸虫病的金宝航道区域目前也无血吸
虫病再流行的情况发生。南水北调东线工程运西线及洪泽湖区不太可能出现钉螺孳生扩散和血吸虫病流行。

关键词: 南水北调东线工程；血吸虫病；钉螺；运西线；洪泽湖；金宝航道；金湖泵站；洪泽泵站