Abstract: Objective　To investigate the prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis and foodborne parasitic diseases in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024, so as to provide insights into formulation of targeted control strategies for soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis and foodborne parasitic diseases in the province.  Methods　A total of 32 counties (districts) were sampled from Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024 for surveillance of human soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis and foodborne parasitic diseases. Each county (district) was classified into eastern, western, southern, northern and central regions according to geographical locations, and one administrative village from a township was sampled from each region. Permanent residents at age of more than 3 years in each administrative village were sampled using a cluster sampling method, and at least 200 residents were recruited in each village, with more than 1 000 residents included. Subjects' demographic features were collected, and their stool samples were collected for detection of soil⁃transmitted nematode and foodborne parasitic infections using the modified Kato⁃Katz thick smear method (two sides for each stool sample), while pinworm infection was additionally detected among children at ages of 3 to 9 years with a cellophane tape test. From 2022 to 2024, a total of 31 specific surveillance sites were allocated for surveillance of the risk of parasitic infections in Jiangsu Province. Soil and aquatic products (including freshwater fish, crayfish, freshwater crabs, and marine fish) were collected from surveillance sites for detection of hookworm larvae, Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae, Paragonimus metacercariae, and Anisakis larvae using the hookworm larval separation technique, flotation solutions with saturated sodium nitrate, smears microscopy, homogeneous precipitation method and microscopy after dissection. The prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode and foodborne parasitic infections was compared among population subgroups, soil environments, and intermediate hosts. Results　A total of 98 152 individuals received surveillance of soil⁃transmitted nematode and foodborne parasitic infections in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024, and the overall prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode and foodborne parasitic infections was 0.058% (57/98 152), which was primarily attributed to hookworm (0.015%, 15/98 152) and C. sinensis infections (0.018%, 18/98 152). As of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections, there were significant differences in the prevalence of hookworm infections in terms of survey year ([χ2] = 6.513, P < 0.05), age group (P < 0.05) and education level (P < 0.05), and the highest prevalence was seen among subjects at ages of over 70 years (0.060%, 15/24 846) and illiterate participants (0.067%, 7/10 445) (all P values < 0.05). There was a significant difference among the prevalence rates of pinworm infection among different age groups (P < 0.05), with the highest prevalence seen among children at ages of 3 to 9 years (0.087%, 6/6 897) (all P values < 0.05). There were significant differences in the prevalence of hookworm and pinworm infections (both P values < 0.05) across 13 cities in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024, with the highest prevalence of hookworm infections in Huai'an City (0.056%, 4/7 087), and the highest prevalence of pinworm infections in Suqian City (0.056%, 4/7 187) (all P values < 0.05). As of foodborne parasitic infections, there was an ethnic group⁃specific prevalence rate of C. sinensis infections (P < 0.05), with the highest prevalence among Zhuang ethnic populations (22.222%, 2/9) (all P values < 0.05), and there was an educational level⁃specific prevalence rate of Fasciolopsis buski infections (P < 0.05), with the highest prevalence seen among illiterate subjects (0.038%, 4/10 445) (all P values < 0.05). There were significant differences across years in terms of the prevalence of C. sinensis ([χ2] = 7.003, P < 0.05) and F. buski infections ([χ2] = 8.791, P < 0.05), and inter⁃city variation in the prevalence of F. buski infection was also significant (P < 0.05), with the highest prevalence recorded in Lianyungang City (0.042%, 3/7 066) (all P values < 0.05). Findings from surveillance of the risk of parasitic infections showed no hookworm larvae or A. lumbricoides eggs in soil samples in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024, and the detection of C. sinensis metacercariae was 2.365% (21/888) in freshwater fish. In addition, no Paragonimus metacercariae were found in crayfish or freshwater crabs, while the detection of Anisakis larvae or cysts was 33.888% (285/841) in marine fish. Conclusions　The prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis and foodborne parasitic diseases was low in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024, with hookworm and C. sinensis as the dominant parasite species. It is recommended to enhance the management of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis and foodborne parasitic diseases among the elderly, children, and ethnic minority populations and strengthen food safety supervision and health education to improve the comprehensive capacity for prevention of human soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis and foodborne parasitic diseases.

Key words: Soil?transmitted nematodiasis, Foodborne parasitic disease, Surveillance, Jiangsu Province

摘要： 目的　了解2022—2024年江苏省土源性线虫病和食源性寄生虫病流行情况，为该省制定有针对性的防治策略提供科学依据。方法　2022—2024年，江苏省每年均选择32个县（市、区）开展人群土源性线虫和食源性寄生虫感染监测，每个县（市、区）按方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区，每个片区抽取1个乡（镇）的1个行政村，每个行政村整群抽取3周岁以上常住居民作为监测对象，每村监测人数不少于200人，累计监测不少于1 000人。收集监测对象人口学特征信息，并采集其粪便样本，采用改良加藤厚涂片法（1粪2检）检测土源性线虫和食源性寄生虫感染情况；此外，对3～< 9岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫感染情况。2022—2024年，江苏省共设置31个寄生虫感染风险专项监测点，采集监测点土壤、水产品（淡水鱼、小龙虾、淡水蟹、海鱼）样品，分别采用钩蚴分离法、饱和硝酸钠溶液漂浮法、压片法、匀浆沉淀法及直接剖检法进行钩蚴、蛔虫卵、华支睾吸虫囊蚴、并殖吸虫囊蚴及异尖线虫幼虫检测。比较不同人群、环境及中间宿主土源性线虫和食源性寄生虫感染情况。结果　2022—2024年江苏省累计监测98 152人，土源性线虫和食源性寄生虫总感染率为0.058%（57/98 152），以钩虫和华支睾吸虫感染为主，感染率分别为0.015%（15/98 152）和0.018%（18/98 152）。土源性线虫感染监测结果显示，不同年份（[χ2] = 6.513，P < 0.05）、不同年龄组（P < 0.05）以及不同文化程度人群（P < 0.05）钩虫感染率差异均有统计学意义，其中70～岁年龄组（0.060%，15/24 846）以及文盲钩虫感染率（0.067%，7/10 445）分别为最高（P均< 0.05）；不同年龄组人群蛲虫感染率差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），其中3～< 9岁儿童蛲虫感染率最高（0.087%，6/6 897）（P均< 0.05）。2022—2024年江苏省13个设区市人群钩虫、蛲虫感染率差异均有统计学意义（P均< 0.05）；其中淮安市钩虫感染率最高（0.056%，4/7 087），宿迁市蛲虫感染率最高（0.056%，4/7 187）（P均< 0.05）。食源性寄生虫感染监测结果显示，不同民族人群华支睾吸虫感染率差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），其中壮族人群感染率最高（22.222%，2/9）（P均< 0.05）；不同文化程度人群布氏姜片吸虫感染率差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），其中文盲感染率最高（0.038%，4/10 445）（P均< 0.05）；不同年份人群华支睾吸虫和布氏姜片吸虫感染率差异均有统计学意义（[χ2] ＝ 7.003、8.791，P均< 0.05）；13个设区市人群布氏姜片吸虫感染率差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），其中连云港市布氏姜片吸虫感染率最高（0.042%，3/7 066）（P均< 0.05）。2022—2024年江苏省寄生虫感染风险专项监测结果显示，土壤样品均未检出钩蚴或蛔虫卵，淡水鱼华支睾吸虫囊蚴阳性率为2.365%（21/888），小龙虾、淡水蟹均未检出并殖吸虫囊蚴，海鱼异尖线虫幼虫或囊包阳性率为33.888%（285/841）。结论　2022—2024年江苏省人群土源性线虫病和食源性寄生虫病均处于低流行水平，以钩虫和华支睾吸虫感染为主，后续应强化对老年人、儿童、少数民族等重点人群的防控，加强食品安全监管与健康教育，以提升人群土源性线虫病和食源性寄生虫病综合防范能力。

关键词: 土源性线虫病, 食源性寄生虫病, 监测, 江苏省