Abstract: Zoonosis prevention and control is a complex public health concern, which requires the collaboration of multiple regions, disciplines, and departments to enhance the effectiveness. The One Health concept aims to achieve the joint health security of humans, animals and environments through cross⁃disciplinary, cross⁃sector and cross⁃field collaborations. This review summarizes the development of One Health and the successful practices in the prevention and control of echinococcosis, rabies, COVID⁃19 and schistosomiasis, as well as explores the challenges faced in applying this concept to the prevention and control of zoonoses, so as to provide insights into formulation of the integrated zoonoses control strategy and implementation of zoonoses control interventions at the human⁃animal⁃environment interface.

Key words: One Health, Zoonosis, Control strategy, Echinococcosis, Rabies, COVID?19, Schistosomiasis

摘要： 人兽共患病的防控是一个复杂的公共卫生问题，需通过多地区、多学科、多部门合作以提升防治效果。全健康（One Health）理念通过跨学科、跨部门、跨领域的深度协作，致力于实现人类、动物以及环境的共同健康。本文回顾了全健康理念的发展历程及其在棘球蚴病、狂犬病、新型冠状病毒肺炎、血吸虫病防控中的成功实践，并探讨了该理念应用于人兽共患病防控所面临的挑战，旨在从人⁃动物⁃环境层面为人兽共患病综合防控策略的制定和防控措施的实施提供参考。

关键词: 全健康, 人兽共患病, 防控策略, 棘球蚴病, 狂犬病, 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 血吸虫病