Abstract: Objective　To investigate the population density and seasonal fluctuations of Aedes albopictus in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, from 2021 to 2023, so as to provide insights into A. albopictus control and management of dengue fever. Methods　The surveillance of A. albopictus density was performed in all surveillance sites assigned across all streets (townships) in Guangzhou City during the period from January to December from 2021 to 2023. The surveillance frequency was twice every half month from May to September, and once every month for the rest of a year. In each surveillance period, A. albopictus mosquito larvae were captured from indoor and outdoor small water containers in residential areas, parks, medical facilities, schools, other government sectors and social organizations, construction sites, special industries  and others for mosquito species identification. Adult mosquitoes were captured usinglectric mosquito suction apparatus for species identification and gender classification. Adult mosquitoes and mosquito eggs were collected with mosquito and egg traps at the breeding and dwelling places of Aedes mosquitoes for identification. The mosquito oviposition index (MOI), Breteau index (BI), adult mosquito density index (ADI) and standard space index (SSI) were calculated. The A. albopictus density was classified into grades 0, 1, 2 and 3 in each surveillance site, with Grade 0 density defined eligible, and the eligible rate of A. albopictus density was calculated at all surveillance sites each year from 2021 to 2023. In addition, the changing trends in MOI, SSI, BI and ADI of A. albopictus were analyzed in Guangzhou City from 2021 to 2023. Results　The eligible rates of A. albopictus density were 61.69%, 68.75% and 55.15% in surveillance sites of Guangzhou City from 2021 to 2023 ([χ2] = 297.712, P < 0.001), and appeared a tendency towards a reduction followed by a rise each year, which gradually reduced since January, maintained at a low level during the period between May and October, and gradually increased from November to December. The MOI, SSI, BI and ADI of A. albopictus all appeared a tendency towards a rise followed by a reduction in Guangzhou City during the period between January and December from 2021 to 2023. The BI of A. albopictus peaked in the first half of June in 2021 (4.03), the first half of July in 2022 (3.89) and the last half of August in 2023 (5.02), and the SSI of A. albopictus peaked in the last half of June in 2021 (0.93), the last half of May in 2022 (0.59), and the last half of June (0.94) and the first half of September in 2023 (1.12). In addition, the MOI of A. albopictus peaked in the first half of May in 2021 (8.64), the first half of June in 2022 (8.96), and the last half of May (10.21) and the last half of June in 2023 (10.89), and the ADI of A. albopictus peaked in the first half of June in 2021 (3.41), the last half of June in 2022 (4.06), and the first half of July in 2023 (3.61).  Conclusions　The density of A. albopictus is high in Guangzhou City during the period from May to October, and the risk of local outbreak caused by imported dengue fever is high. Persistent intensified surveillance of the density and seasonal fluctuation of A. albopictus is recommended and timely mosquito prevention and control is required according to the fluctuation in the A. albopictus density.

Key words: Aedes albopictus, Dengue fever, Population density, Seasonal fluctuation, Surveillance, Guangzhou City

摘要： 目的　了解2021—2023年广东省广州市白纹伊蚊密度变化及季节消长规律，为白纹伊蚊防制和登革热防控提供科学依据。方法　2021—2023年1—12月，在广州市辖区内所有街道（镇）设置白纹伊蚊监测点，其中5—9月每半月监测2次、其余月份每月监测1次。每个监测周期在居民区、公园、医疗机构、学校、其他机关和团体单位、建筑工地、特种行业和其他8种环境类型中，收集室内外小型积水容器中的蚊幼虫进行蚊种鉴定，采用电动吸蚊器收集成蚊后行蚊种鉴定和雌雄分类；在伊蚊孳生、栖息处设诱蚊诱卵器，收集成蚊及蚊卵后进行鉴定。计算诱蚊诱卵指数（mosquito oviposition index，MOI）、布雷图指数（Breteau index，BI）、人诱停落法成蚊密度（adult mosquito density index，ADI）和标准间指数（standard space index，SSI）；将各监测点白纹伊蚊密度分成0 ~ 3级，其中0级为合格，计算各年监测点白纹伊蚊密度合格率。此外，对2021—2023年广州市白纹伊蚊MOI、SSI、BI和ADI变化趋势进行分析。结果　2021—2023年广州市白纹伊蚊监测点密度合格率分别为61.69%、68.75%和55.15%，差异有统计学意义（[χ2] = 297.712，P < 0.001）。各年合格率均呈先下降后上升的趋势，从1月开始逐渐下降，5—10月维持在较低水平，11—12月逐渐回升。2021—2023年1—12月广州市白纹伊蚊BI、SSI、MOI、ADI值均呈先升高后降低的趋势。各年BI值分别在6月上半月（4.03）、7月上半月（3.89）和8月下半月（5.02）达峰值；2021—2022年SSI分别在6月下半月（0.93）和5月下半月（0.59）达峰值，2023年两个峰值分别出现于6月下半月（0.94）和9月上半月（1.12）；2021—2022年MOI分别在5月上半月（8.64）、6月上半月（8.96）达峰值，2023年两个峰值分别出现于5月下半月（10.21）和6月下半月（10.89）；各年ADI分别于6月上半月（3.41）、6月下半月（4.06）和7月上半月（3.61）达峰值。结论　广州市5—10月白纹伊蚊密度较高。建议持续加强白纹伊蚊密度和季节消长监测，并根据其消长规律及时开展防蚊、灭蚊工作。

关键词: 白纹伊蚊, 登革热, 种群密度, 季节消长, 监测, 广州市