Abstract: Schistosomiasis is closely related to natural environmental factors. The changes of environmental factors，such as temperature，hydrology，vegetation，soil etc.，all impact the scope and extent of schistosomiasis transmission. Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake and one of the major endemic areas with schistosomiasis in China. With global warming，the imple? mentation of the Three Gorges Dam operation，and the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Planning，the natural environment in Poyang Lake area has been and will continue to change，especially，the water environment and climate environment，which are more closely related to the schistosomiasis transmission. These changes，to some extent，have affected and will continue to affect the prevalence and transmission of schistosomiasis. This article reviews the relationship between the natural environment and its changes and schistosomiasis transmission in the Poyang Lake region.

Key words: Poyang lake region；Schistosomiasis；Natural environment；Transmission

摘要： 血吸虫病是一种与自然环境因素密切相关的传染病， 流行区温度、 水文、 植被、 土壤等环境因素的变化均可影响 血吸虫病的传播范围和流行程度。鄱阳湖是我国第一大淡水湖， 鄱阳湖区也是我国血吸虫病主要流行区之一。随着全 球气候变暖、 三峡水库运行及鄱阳湖生态经济区规划的实施等因素的影响， 鄱阳湖区的自然生态环境已经并将继续发生 变化， 特别是与血吸虫病流行与传播较为密切的水环境和气候环境的变化， 在一定程度上已经并将继续影响该区域血吸 虫病的流行和传播。本文就鄱阳湖区自然环境及其变化与血吸虫病传播的关系做一综述。

关键词: 鄱阳湖区； 血吸虫病； 自然环境； 传播