中国血吸虫病防治杂志(中英文) ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 380-386, 414.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

苏北地区蜱源性立克次氏体目细菌及相关新发病毒鉴定及种系进化特征

陈国清1,梅伟2,姜尚德2,陶璐秋3,季羽茜1,崔倩1,张红军1,安然1,徐兵1,汪伟3*   

  1. 1 江苏省盐城市疾病预防控制中心(江苏 盐城 224003);2 南京医科大学公共卫生学院;3 国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室、江苏省寄生虫与媒介控制技术重点实验室、江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所(江苏 无锡 214064)
  • 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 汪伟wangwei@jipd.com
  • 作者简介:陈国清,男,硕士,副研究员。研究方向:传染病病原体鉴定及分子溯源
  • 基金资助:
    新发突发重大传染病病原微生物重点实验室开放课题(PM202402);江苏省卫生健康委员会预防医学课题(Ym2023024);江苏省盐城市卫生健康委员会医学科研课题(YK2023085)

Characterization and phylogenetic evolution of tick⁃derived Rickettsiales and emerging viruses in northern Jiangsu Province

CHEN Guoqing1, MEI Wei2, JIANG Shangde2, TAO Luqiu3, JI Yuxi1, CUI Qian1, ZHANG Hongjun1, AN Ran1, XU Bing1, WANG Wei3*   

  1. 1 Yancheng Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224003, China; 2 School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China; 3 National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
  • Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-30

摘要: 目的 了解苏北地区丘陵、沿海滩涂生境蜱种属及其携带的立克次氏体目细菌以及近年新发蜱源性病毒种类,从而为该地区蜱传热带病防控提供参考。方法 2025年4月,在江苏省淮安市盱眙县丘陵和盐城市亭湖区江苏盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区沿海滩涂湿地两个生境采集蜱虫,经种属鉴定后,无菌提取蜱虫组织核酸。采用巢式和半巢式PCR法检测蜱虫携带的立克次体、埃立克体、无形体、虾夷病毒、阿龙山病毒、松岭病毒、北极内罗病毒、湿地病毒等病原体。对PCR扩增产物进行测序,对测序结果进行种系进化及遗传特征分析。结果 共采集154只蜱虫,其中自淮安市采集114只、盐城市采集40只,153只为长角血蜱、1只为褐黄血蜱。经半巢式PCR法共检出5只蜱虫阳性(3.25%),其中自淮安市盱眙县采集的4只蜱虫检出无形体、盐城市采集的1只蜱虫检出立克次体,未检出埃立克体及近年新发的虾夷病毒、阿龙山病毒、北极内罗病毒、松岭病毒和湿地病毒。经BLASTn比对及种系进化分析,1种牛无形体、4株牛无形体出现了一定程度遗传分化,形成了两个进化小分支;1种为日本立克次体变异株,与山东日本立克次体核苷酸序列高度同源。结论 苏北地区丘陵、沿海滩涂生境蜱虫分布广泛,携带的病原体遗传多样性高,无形体和立克次体具备致人兽共患病能力。

关键词: 蜱, 立克次氏体, 新发病毒, 分子鉴定, 种系进化, 苏北地区

Abstract: Objective To investigate the tick species, and tick⁃derived Rickettsiales bacteria and recently emerging tick⁃derived viruses in hilly and costal mudflat wetland settings in northern Jiangsu Province, so as to provide insights into management of tick⁃borne tropical diseases in northern Jiangsu Province.  Methods Ticks were sampled from hilly settings in Yuyi County, Huai'an City and coastal mudflat wetland settings in Jiangsu Yancheng Wetlands & Rare Birds National Nature Reserve in Tinghu District, Yancheng City on April, 2025. Following characterization of tick species, nucleic acid was isolated from ticks under a sterile condition, and tick⁃derived pathogens were detected using nested and semi⁃nested real⁃time PCR assays, including Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Yezo virus, Alongshan virus, Songling virus, Beiji nairovirus and Wetland virus. The PCR amplification products were sequenced for analysis of phylogenetic evolution and genetic characteristics.  Results A total of 154 ticks were captured, including 114 from Huai'an City and 40 from Yancheng City, and 153 ticks were characterized as Haemaphysalis longicornis and one as H. flava. A total of 5 ticks were tested positive for Rickettsiales bacteria and viruses by semi⁃nested real⁃time PCR assay (3.25%), including 4 ticks from hilly settings in Xuyi County, Huai'an City, tested positive for Anaplasma, and one tick from coastal mudflat wetland settings in Tinghu District, Yancheng City, tested positive for Rickettsia; however, ticks were tested negative for Ehrlichia, or recently emerging Yezo virus, Alongshan virus, Songling virus, Beiji nairovirus or Wetland virus. Sequence alignment using BLASTn and phylogenetic analysis revealed that genetic differentiation occurred in four A. bovis isolates in one species of A. bovis, with two genetic clades generated, and one R. japonica variant was identified, with its nucleotide sequences highly homologous to Shandong isolates of R. japonica. Conclusions Ticks are widely distributed in hilly and costal mudflat wetland settings in northern Jiangsu Province, and tick⁃derived pathogens have a genetic diversity. Tick⁃borne Anaplasma and Rickettsia pose a zoonotic potential.  

Key words: Tick, Rickettsia, Emerging virus, Molecular characterization, Phylogenetic evolution, Northern Jiangsu Province

中图分类号: