Abstract: Currently, the local transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) has been effectively contained in China; however, the epidemic situation of this highly infectious disease is more and more serious outside of China. Importation of COVID?19 cases from other countries and territories is therefore becoming a new challenge for the control of COVID?19 in China. Malaria was once widely epidemic in China. Nevertheless, the local transmission of this parasitic disease has been interrupted in China since the launch of the national malaria elimination programme in 2010, and great successes have been achieved in the management of appropriately 3 thousand malaria cases imported from other countries and territories annually. Hereby, the epidemiological characteristics and current epidemic situation of COVID?19 in China were analyzed and compared with malaria. Based on the successful experiences from the management of overseas imported malaria in China, the strategy and countermeasures for COVID?19 control were proposed, so as to provide insights into the response to the importation of COVID?19 from other countries and territories and the consolidation of the control achievements in China.

Key words: Malaria, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19), Imported case, Control strategy

摘要： 目前，我国新型冠状病毒肺炎本地传播已得到有效控制，但境外新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情形势日趋严峻。因此，我国新型冠状病毒肺炎防控工作面临境外输入的新挑战。疟疾曾在我国广泛流行，自2010年启动消除疟疾行动计划后，我国不仅阻断了疟疾本地传播，对每年3 000例左右境外输入性疟疾病例的防控也卓有成效。本文通过对当前我国新型冠状病毒肺炎和疟疾疫情形势及流行特征的比较分析，结合我国境外输入性疟疾防控的成功经验，探讨当前新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控的策略和措施，为有效应对境外输入、巩固防控成果提供借鉴。

关键词: 疟疾, 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 输入性病例, 防控策略