Abstract: Single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNP） has been regarded as a new genetic marker due to its rich dynamics and relatively stable heredity. SNP can express the relationship between genes and diseases to seek disease?linked genes particularly. A number of domestic and international studies have demonstrated that the formation of schistosomiasis egg granuloma is closely linked to HLA?Ⅱ related antigen. By detecting alleles loci of HLA?Ⅱ gene， researchers can identify the gene or haplotype that is associated with the susceptibility and progression of schistosomiasis. The detected candidate genes can serve useful therapeutic and preventative purposes by providing new technical methods to defeat schistosomiasis. In?depth study on SNP is beneficial to evaluate schistosomiasis inclination clinically， as well as to promote early diagnosis and preventive treatment.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Single nucleotide polymorphisms, Genetic marker

摘要： 单核苷酸多态性具有丰富的动态性和相对稳定的遗传性，近年来被认为是新一代遗传标志物，并可以通过探索表达基因与疾病之间的关系，在疾病存在的情况下寻找有关基因。国内外多项研究表明，血吸虫虫卵肉芽肿的形成与人类白细胞抗原（HLA）?Ⅱ类相关抗原有密切联系。通过检测基因各等位点，进而鉴定与血吸虫病易感性及与病程相关的基因或单倍型。对检测到的候选基因进行分析可为血吸虫病治疗和预防提供新的技术手段，有利于临床上评估易感性、进行早期诊断或预防性治疗。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 单核苷酸多态性, 遗传标志物