Abstract: Objective To analyze the working conditions and evaluate the effectiveness of blood smear examinations in fever patients after the start of national malaria elimination program （NMEP）， and explore the suitable strategy for malaria diagnosis and surveillance in NMEP， so as to provide the evidence for the development and adaptation of malaria elimination strategies and measures in Jiangsu Province. Methods The data of malaria epidemic situation reported by network， fever patients’ blood test tables， and epidemiological surveys of malaria cases were collected and statistically analyzed by SPSS 16.0 in Jiangsu Province from 2010 to 2016. Results A total of 2 367 cases of malaria cases were reported from 2010 to 2016. Among the 3 691 188 person?times of fever patients tested， there were 2 252 positives （0.06%）. The number of blood tests of fever patients decreased from 742 900 in 2010 to 277 000 in 2016. At the same time， the positive rate increased from 0.04% in 2010 to 0.16% in 2016. The positive rate of blood tests of fever patients in 2016 was significantly higher than that in 2010 （[χ2] = 161.61， P < 0.01）. From 2010 to 2016 in Jiangsu province， the centers for disease control and prevention of cities and counties， that completed the blood review within 3 days， deleted 273 negative cases. In 2010， the centers for disease control and prevention of cities and counties deleted 61 negative cases， but in 2016， the centers deleted only 14 negative cases， and the negative rate of blood review in 2010 was significantly higher than that in 2016 （[χ2] = 22.99， P < 0.01）. Conclusions A large number of blood smear examinations have been tested in fever patients in Jiangsu Province. It not only conforms to the strong monitoring system requirements issued by World Health Organization （WHO） in malaria elimination， but also provides the evidence for no local malaria case in Jiangsu since 2012.

Key words: Malaria； Elimination； Fever patient； Blood smear examination； Surveillance； Jiangsu Province

摘要： 目的 分析江苏省启动消除疟疾行动后发热病人血检工作及其成效，探讨适合本地区消除疟疾阶段的疟疾诊断和监测方法。方法 收集2010-2016年江苏省网络报告疟疾疫情、发热病人血检、寄生虫病防治信息专报系统中疟疾病例个案流行病学调查表等数据进行统计分析。结果 2010-2016年江苏省共报告疟疾病例2 367例；共血检发热病人3 691 188人·次，检出阳性2 252例，阳性率0.06%。江苏省发热病人血检数由2010年的74.29万人·次下降到2016年的27.70万人·次，血检率呈明显下降态势；血检阳性率由2010年的0.04%上升至2016年的0.11%，呈明显上升趋势，2016年江苏省发热病人血检阳性率明显高于2010年发热病人血检阳性率（[χ2] = 161.61，P < 0.01）。2010-2016年江苏省各县（市、区）疾病预防控制中心在3 d内完成血片复核，因血片复核结果为阴性删除病例共计273例。2010年江苏省各县（市、区）疾病预防控制中心因血片复核阴性删除61例，2016年因血片复核阴性删除14例，2010年血片复核阴性占比率明显高于2016年血片复核阴性占比率（[χ2] = 22.99，P < 0.01）。结论 江苏省开展了大量发热病人血检工作，符合WHO提出的“强有力的监测体系”消除疟疾工作要求，同时也为江苏省从2012年起无本地感染疟疾病例提供了佐证。

关键词: 疟疾；消除；发热病人；血检；监测；江苏省