Abstract: There were vivax malaria， falciparum malaria， and malariae malaria epidemic in Jiangsu Province， and vivax malaria was the dominant disease. Anopheles sinensis and An. anthropophagus were malaria?transmitted vectors. Since the founding of People’s Republic of China， there have been two major malaria outbreaks in Jiangsu Province， when the highest annual malaria incidence reached up to 24.95%. According to prevention and control principles of “adjusting measures to local conditions， giving different guidance to different categories and highlighting key points”， during the epidemic outbreak stage， the large?scale malaria prevention and control measures were implemented for all the residents who were target population in Jiangsu malaria?endemic areas. During the basic eradication stage， the targeted prevention and control measures had been carried out according to the different epidemic features to gradually consolidate the achievement of prevention and control in Jiangsu Province. In the malaria elimination stage， Jiangsu Province focused on controlling of the source of infection and malaria surveillance. According to the “1?3?7 targeted elimination” work model， the management of infectious sources and investigation and disposal of foci were carried out for each epidemic focus to block the malaria transmission. By the end of 2017， there had been no indigenous malaria cases for the six consecutive years in Jiangsu Province. All the 13 cities have passed the assessment of malaria elimination of Jiangsu Province. Although Jiangsu Province has achieved the goal of malaria elimination， it is urgent and necessary to maintain and improve malaria surveillance capabilities to prevent malaria reintroduction.

Key words: Malaria； Transmission； Control； Elimination； Jiangsu Province

摘要： 江苏省曾有间日疟、恶性疟和三日疟流行，以间日疟为主；传播媒介为中华按蚊和嗜人按蚊。建国以来，江苏省曾发生两次大范围疟疾暴发流行，疟疾年发病率最高达24.95%。根据“因地制宜、分类指导、突出重点”的防治原则，在暴发流行阶段，以全省疟疾流行区所有居民为目标人群，开展大规模人群疟疾防治工作；在基本消灭疟疾阶段，针对不同流行特征采取相应的防控措施，逐步巩固防治成果；在消除疟疾阶段，以传染源控制为核心、以监测工作为主导，针对每个疫点，按照“1?3?7定点清除”工作模式，开展传染源管理和疫点调查处置，阻断疟疾传播。至2017年，全省已连续6年无本地感染疟疾病例，13个设区市均通过消除疟疾达标考核。虽然江苏省已达到疟疾消除目标，但仍需进一步保持和提高监测能力，防止输入性疟疾再传播。

关键词: 疟疾；流行；控制；消除；江苏省