Abstract: Objective Objective To explore the changing rules of schistosomiasis infection and Oncomelania hupensis snail situation in areas where schistosomiasis transmission was controlled or interrupted or transmission rebounded after the interruption. Meth Meth? ? ods ods Daye City，Wuxue City and Jingshan County were selected and investigated retrospectively to collect the schistosomiasis epidemiological information 10 years before they reached the criteria of transmission controlled and the subsequent years until 2008. The database of retrospective investigation was established for analyzing the trends and rules of the changes of snail status and human infection status. Results Results In Daye City，there was no snail areas and schistosomiasis patients and cattle after reach? ing the criteria of transmission interrupted in 1987. The infection rate of residents were positively correlative with the infection rate of cattle and snail areas（r＝0.865，0.843，P＜0.01） . In Wuxue City，the proportion of snail areas occupying the historic snail areas kept a steady from the transmission controlled to transmission interrupted，but it began to rebound to the highest level in the history（8.93%）after the transmission interrupted for 3 years. In Jingshan County，the infection rates of residents and cat? tle were all stable from 1% to 2% after the transmission controlled. The proportion of snail areas occupying the historic snail ar? eas was rebounded from 1.63% in 1985 to 21.50% in 2008，and the densities of living snails rebounded from 2005. Conclu Conclu? ? sions sions The infected snails could be the sensitive indicator of the rebound of snail situation and human infection. The elimination of schistosomiasis still depends on the control of snail areas，including strengthening the infected snail control.

Key words: Schistosomiasis；Epidemic situation； Retrospective investigation；Hubei Province

摘要： 目的 目的 探索湖北省血吸虫病传播控制 （传控）、 传播阻断 （传阻） 以及阻断后疫情回升地区螺情与病情变化规 律。方法 方法 选择湖北省大冶市、 武穴市和京山县为调查点， 采用回顾性调查方法， 收集、 整理3个县达到传控前10年至 2008年的疫情资料并建立数据库， 分析各县螺情病情变化趋势和规律。结果 结果 大冶市1987年达传阻后无螺无病， 人群 感染率与耕牛感染率、 有螺面积呈正相关 （r＝0.865， 0.843， P均＜0.01）。武穴市有螺面积占历史累计面积比例， 传控至 传阻期间保持稳定， 达传阻后3年回升， 达到历史最高水平的8.93%。京山县达传控后人群和耕牛感染率均在1%～2%； 有螺面积占历史累计面积比例从1985年的1.63%上升至2008年的21.50%， 活螺密度至2005年开始回升。 结论 结论 感染 性钉螺可能是预测螺情和病情回升的敏感指标； 疫情的消除有赖于钉螺面积的控制， 包括加强感染性钉螺和其他有螺地 区的防控力度。

关键词: 血吸虫病； 疫情； 回顾性调查； 湖北省