Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of a new schistosomiasis control strategy based on the infection source control in four?lake regions of Hubei Province. Methods The new strategy based on the infection source control included the safe water sup? ply，feces harmless treatment，replacing cattle with machine，captive livestock，chemotherapy，Oncomelania hupensis snail con? trol in susceptible areas，hardening ditches，etc，and the new control strategy was implemented for 7 years in 9 counties（cities or districts）of the four?lake regions. The schistosomiasis situations were investigated before and after the intervention of the new strat? egy. Results The coverage rates of feces harmless toilets（three format toilets），biogas digesters，and safe water supply were 42.00%，23.16% and 93.76%，respectively. The number of ditch hardening was 1 960；the area of eliminating snails was 1 378.42 hm2 ；the number of persons who received the health education was 3 524 818 accounting for 92.17% of the total popula? tion；the number of person?time of taking active protection measures was 516 636 963. The average annual decline rates of schisto? some infection were 24.42% and 38.38% in residents and cattle，respectively. The endemic villages decreased by 4.77%，the vil? lages with snails decreased by 7.05%，and the villages with snails accounted between 63.19% and 66.21% of the total endemic vil? lages. The area with snails decreased by 90.35%，and the advance schistosomiasis patients decreased by 5.55%，and the fatality rate of advanced schistosomiasis patients decreased by 1.24%. No acute schistosomiasis patients occurred. Type One and Two en? demic（heavy endemic）villages decreased to zero；Type Three endemic（moderate endemic）villages decreased by 10.22%；but Type Four endemic（mild endemic）villages increased by 66.38%；and Type Five endemic （no endemic for 5 years）villages de? creased by 0.22%. The standards of schistosomiasis transmission controlled have achieved on schedule. Conclusion The imple? mentation of the new schistosomiasis control strategy based on the infection source control in four?lake regions of Hubei Province can effectively control schistosomiasis.

Key words: Schistosomiasis； Infection source control； Effect evaluation；Four?lake region

摘要： 目的 目的 评价以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略在湖北省四湖地区的防治效果。方法 方法 采用流行病学 方法， 回顾性分析四湖地区9个县 （市、 区） 开展改水管粪、 以机代牛、 家畜圈养、 人畜化疗、 易感地带灭螺、 硬化沟渠等综合 防治措施的实施情况。对比实施前后血吸虫病疫情变化。结果 结果 以控制传染源为主的防治新策略实施7年来， 四湖地区 三格式厕所、 沼气池及安全用水覆盖率分别为42.00%、 23.16%、 93.76%。硬化沟渠1 960条， 消灭钉螺面积1 378.42 hm2 。 接受血吸虫病防护知识教育 3 524 818人， 占总人口数的92.17%。采取主动防护措施预防血吸虫感染516 636 963人次， 人 群、 耕牛血吸虫感染率年平均下降率分别为24.42%、 38.38%。流行村数下降了4.77%， 有螺村数下降了7.05%， 有螺村占流 行村的比例为63.19%～66.21%， 钉螺面积下降了90.35%。晚期血吸虫病人数下降了5.55%， 病死率下降了1.24%， 急性血 吸虫感染率下降至0。一类和二类重度流行村减少至0， 三类村减少了10.22%， 四类村增加了66.38%， 五类村减少了 0.22%， 传播控制目标如期实现。结论 结论 在四湖地区实施以控制传染源为主的血吸虫病防治新策略能有效控制血吸虫病 疫情。

关键词: 血吸虫病； 传染源控制； 效果评估； 四湖地区