Chin J Schisto Control ›› 2018, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 481-488.

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Endemic status of schistosomiasis in People's Republic of China in 2017

ZHANG Li-juan| XU Zhi-min| DAI Si-min| DANG Hui| Lü Shan| XU Jing| LI Shi-zhu| ZHOU Xiao-nong*   

  1. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases| Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases| Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; National Health Commission| Shanghai 200025| China
  • Online:2018-12-01 Published:2018-12-01
  • Contact: ZHOU Xiao?nong
  • Supported by:
     

2017年全国血吸虫病疫情通报

张利娟|徐志敏|戴思敏|党辉|吕山|许静|李石柱|周晓农*   

  1. 中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所、世界卫生组织热带病合作中心、国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室(上海200025)
  • 通讯作者: 周晓农
  • 作者简介:张利娟|女|硕士|副研究员。研究方向:血吸虫病流行病学
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2012ZX10004?220);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1202000);国家自然科学基金(81301454、30590373)

Abstract: This report presents the endemic status of schistosomiasis in the People’s Republic of China at national level in 2017, and analyzes the data collected from the national schistosomiasis prevention and control system and 457 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites. Among the 12 provinces (municipality and autonomous region) being endemic of schistosomiasis japonica in P. R. China, 5 provinces (municipality and autonomous region), i.e., Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, continued to consolidate the status of elimination of schistosomiasis. Sichuan Province achieved the transmission interruption and 6 provinces of Yunnan, Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi and Hunan kept the transmission control by the end of 2017. There were 450 endemic counties (cities, districts) covering 259 million people, specifically including 28 544 endemic villages of 70 324.5 thousand people at risk. Among the 450 endemic counties (cities, districts), 50.89% (229/450), 30.89% (139/450) and 18.22% (82/450) reached the criteria of elimination, transmission interruption and transmission control, respectively. By the end of 2017, a total of 8 401 113 individuals received schistosomiasis examinations and 14 individuals were parasitologically diagnosed, decreased by 97.67% compared with 600 cases in 2016. It was estimated of 37 601 cases of schistosome infection, decreased by 30.95% compared with 54 454 cases in 2016. One acute schistosomiasis case was reported in 2017. There were 29 407 advanced schistosomiasis cases documented in 2017. Oncomelania hupensis snail surveys were performed in 19 784 endemic villages and O. hupensis snails were found in 7 310 villages, accounting for 36.95% of total villages, with 19 newly detected villages with snails. The snail survey covered an area of 622 454.49 hm2 and snails were found in an area of 172 501.56 hm2, including a newly detected area of 208.54 hm2. No schistosome?infected snails were found in 2017. A total of 737 016 bovines were raised in the schistosomiasis endemic areas. Of them, 454 830 bovines received the examinations for schistosome infection, and 1 bovine was stool examination positive. There were 119 326 schistosomiasis cases receiving chemotherapy in 2017, with 1 973 968 individuals undergoing expanded chemotherapy; one bovine with schistosomiasis receiving chemotherapy, with 418 925 bovines undergoing expanded chemotherapy. A total of 144 605.31 hm2 area with snail was controlled by using molluscicides, with actual molluscicide?treated area of 73 755.37 hm2; and 5 002.92 hm2 area with snail was treated by environmental modification. Based on the data from the 457 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites, the mean Schistosoma japonicum infection rate was 0.001 6% and 0 in humans and bovines, respectively. No schistosome?infected snails were found by microscopic examinations in all the surveillance sites, and 7 snail samples with schistosome nucleic acid positive were detected by loop?mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) among 6 surveillance sites. The results demonstrate a continuous decline trend on the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in P. R. China. However, the risk of epidemic rebound still exists in some regions and it is still a challenge to achieve the target set by the Thirteenth Five?year National Plan for Schistosomiasis Control in 2020.

 

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Endemic status, China

摘要: 本文通报了2017年全国血吸虫病疫情,并对全国血吸虫病预防控制工作数据和457个国家级血吸虫病监测点疫情监测数据进行了汇总和分析。截至2017年底,全国12个血吸虫病流行省(直辖市、自治区)中,上海、浙江、福建、广东、广西等5个省(直辖市、自治区)继续巩固血吸虫病消除成果,四川省达到传播阻断标准,云南、江苏、湖北、安徽、江西及湖南6个省达到传播控制标准。全国共有450个血吸虫病流行县(市、区),总人口2.59亿人;共有28 544个流行村,总人口7 032.45万人。全国450个流行县(市、区)中,229个(50.89%)达到血吸虫病消除标准,139个(30.89%)达到传播阻断标准,82个(18.22%)达到传播控制标准。2017年,全国共完成人群血吸虫病查病8 401 113例,发现粪检阳性14例,较2016年的600例减少了97.67%。2017年,全国推算血吸虫病人数为37 601例,较2016年的54 454例减少了30.95%;其中急性血吸虫病1例,晚期血吸虫病29 407例。2017年全国共有19 784个流行村开展了钉螺分布调查,7 310个村查出钉螺,占调查总数的36.95%;新查出19个有螺村;共查螺622 454.49 hm2,查出钉螺面积172 501.56 hm2,其中新发现钉螺面积208.54 hm2,未发现感染性钉螺。2017年血吸虫病流行区现有存栏耕牛737 016头,共检查耕牛454 830头,发现粪检阳性耕牛1头。2017年,全国共治疗血吸虫病人119 326例,扩大化疗1 973 968人·次;治疗病牛1头,扩大化疗耕牛418 925头·次;开展药物灭螺总面积144 605.31 hm2,实际药物灭螺73 755.37 hm2,环境改造灭螺5 002.92 hm2。2017年全国457个国家级血吸虫病监测点居民和耕牛平均血吸虫感染率分别为0.001 6%和0。解剖镜检法未发现感染性钉螺,但用环介导等温扩增技术在6个监测点检测到7份血吸虫核酸阳性钉螺样本。疫情数据分析显示,全国血吸虫病疫情总体保持持续下降态势,但部分地区仍有疫情反弹趋势,要实现《“十三五”全国血吸虫病防治规划》确定的2020年目标仍面临挑战。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 疫情, 中国

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