Abstract: Objective　To investigate the trends in the prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections and the spatio⁃temporal distribution characteristics of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis elimination strategy in Sichuan Province. Methods　The soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis surveillance data in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2021 were collected, and the epidemic trend of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections was identified. The distribution maps of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections in Sichuan Province were plotted to identify their spatial distribution characteristics. In addition, the spatial clusters of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections were detected using globa and local spatial autocorrelation analyses. Results　The prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections appeared a decline with time in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2021 ([χ2] = 400.24, P < 0.01). Global spatial autocorrelation analysis identified positive spatial autocorrelations in the prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections (Moran’s I = 0.322, Z = 16.293, P < 0.01), hookworm infections (Moran’s I = 0.425, Z = 21.290, P < 0.01), Ascaris lumbricoides infections (Moran’s I = 0.102, Z = 5.782, P < 0.01) and Trichuris trichiura infections (Moran’s I = 0.084, Z = 6.873, P < 0.01). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the high⁃high clusters of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections were mainly located in 37 counties (cities, districts) of Sichuan Province, and the high⁃high clusters of hookworm, A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections were mainly identified in 39 counties (cities, districts) in mountainous areas around Sichuan Basin and hilly areas, 9 counties (cities, districts) in mountainous areas in southwestern Sichuan Province, and 8 counties (cities, districts) in mountainous areas in southwestern Sichuan Province, respectively. Conclusions　The prevalence of soil⁃transmitted nematode infections appeared a tendency towards a decline in Sichuan Province from 2016 to 2021, which showed spatial clusters. The management of soil⁃transmitted nematodiasis requires to be reinforced in high⁃risk areas of Sichuan Province with adaptations to local epidemiological features.

Key words: Soil?transmitted nematodiasis, Spatio?temporal distribution, Epidemic trend, Sichuan Province

摘要： 目的　分析2016—2021年四川省土源性线虫病流行趋势和时空分布特征，为制定四川省土源性线虫病消除策略提供参考依据。方法　收集2016—2021年四川省土源性线虫病监测资料，分析其流行趋势；绘制土源性线虫感染率分布特征图并分析其空间分布特征，采用全局和局部空间自相关分析探索土源性线虫感染率空间聚集性。结果　2016—2021年四川省土源性线虫感染率随时间推移逐渐下降（[χ2] = 400.24，P < 0.01）。全局空间自相关分析发现，四川省土源性线虫（Moran’s I = 0.322，Z = 16.293，P < 0.01）、钩虫（Moran’s I = 0.425，Z = 21.290，P < 0.01）、蛔虫（Moran’s I = 0.102，Z = 5.782，P < 0.01）、鞭虫（Moran’s I = 0.084，Z = 6.873，P < 0.01）感染率均存在正向空间自相关。局部空间自相关分析发现，四川省土源性线虫感染率“高⁃高”聚集区域主要分布于37个县（市、区），其中钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫感染率“高⁃高”聚集区域分别主要分布在盆周山地区和丘陵地区的39个县（市、区）、川西南山地区的9个县（市、区）和川西南山地区的8个县（市、区）。结论　2016—2021年四川省土源性线虫感染率随时间推移逐渐下降，呈空间聚集性，应根据土源性线虫病流行特征加强重点地区防控工作。

关键词: 土源性线虫病, 时空分布, 流行趋势, 四川省