Abstract: As a type of highly plastic innate immune cells, macrophages may be differentiated into M1 and M2 macrophages upon different stimuli, and M2 macrophages are involved in immune regulation, tissue remodeling and regeneration, and wound healing. Previous epidemiological studies have shown a significant negative correlation between the prevalence of helminth infections and the incidence of inflammatory diseases, such as allergy and autoimmune diseases. As a common type of intestinal helminths, hookworm infection may trigger high levels of type II host immune responses, with alternative activation of macrophages, which are effective to inhibit the development and progression of inflammatory diseases. This review summarizes the advances in alternative activation of macrophages in hookworm therapy for inflammatory diseases.

Key words: Hookworm, Alternative activation of macrophage, Type II immune response, Inflammatory disease

摘要： 巨噬细胞作为一种高度可塑性的固有免疫细胞，可在不同刺激下分化为M1型巨噬细胞和替代活化的M2型巨噬细胞，其中M2型巨噬细胞参与免疫调节、组织重构和再生、伤口愈合等过程。既往流行病学调查发现，蠕虫感染率与过敏、自身免疫性疾病等炎症性疾病发病率间存在显著负相关关系。钩虫作为一种常见的肠道蠕虫，其感染后同样可诱导宿主产生高水平Ⅱ型免疫反应，巨噬细胞呈现替代激活，可有效干预炎症性疾病的发生发展。本文从巨噬细胞替代激活的角度对钩虫干预炎症性疾病的研究进展进行综述。

关键词: 钩虫, 巨噬细胞替代激活, Ⅱ型免疫反应, 炎症性疾病